发表机构
Guangdong Technion – Israel Institute of Technology; Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science; Novosibirsk State Technical University; Technion – Israel Institute of Technology（广东以色列理工学院; 俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院扎诺夫半导体物理研究所; 新西伯利亚国立技术大学; 以色列理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文建立非惯性运动量子摩擦学理论框架，利用非线性格罗斯-皮塔耶夫斯基方程，揭示弱相互作用玻色凝聚体中加速探测粒子的耗散阻力、粘滑行为与非耗散类马格努斯力，为量子摩擦学研究奠定基础。
AI 中文摘要
朗道准则是量子流体动力学的基石，它规定均匀运动在低于临界速度时耗散被禁止。然而自朗道与皮塔耶夫斯基的开创性工作以来，加速度如何重塑量子摩擦原理这一基础问题一直悬而未决。本文中，我们建立了非惯性运动的量子摩擦学理论框架，描述了一个在弱相互作用玻色凝聚体中同时进行平移与旋转运动的探测粒子。利用非线性格罗斯-皮塔耶夫斯基方程，我们证明向心加速度从根本上改变了基本激发的能量-动量约束，这导致探测粒子运动的亚音速区域存在有限阻力，且在深超音速区域出现特征性的量子粘滑行为——这是经典朗道-皮塔耶夫斯基图像的直接推广。除了这种耗散响应外，我们还发现了一种完全不同的机制：量子流体的非线性性，结合轨迹的对称性破缺，产生了一种非耗散的反常横向力。这种源于二阶密度扰动的类量子马格努斯响应不做功，其根源在于动态诱导流的几何不对称性。我们的发现为加速运动的量子摩擦学通用研究计划奠定了基础，在从超冷原子、激子-极化激元凝聚体到宇宙学模拟系统的各类平台中，建立了非惯性动力学、非线性响应与拓扑对称性破缺之间直接且可实验验证的关联。
英文摘要
The Landau criterion, a cornerstone of quantum fluid dynamics, dictates that dissipation is forbidden for uniform motion below a critical velocity. Yet, the fundamental question of how acceleration reshapes the principles of quantum friction has remained open since Landau and Pitaevskii's seminal works. Here, we establish a theoretical framework for the quantum tribology of non-inertial motion, describing a probe particle undergoing composite translation and rotation within a weakly interacting Bose condensate. Using the nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we show that centripetal acceleration fundamentally modifies the energy-momentum constraints on elementary excitations. This leads to a finite drag force in the subsonic regime of the probe particle motion, and a characteristic quantum stick-slip behaviour in the deeply supersonic regime -- a direct generalization of the classical Landau-Pitaevskii picture. Beyond this dissipative response, we uncover a fundamentally distinct mechanism: the nonlinearity of the quantum fluid, combined with the broken symmetry of the trajectory, gives rise to a non-dissipative anomalous transverse force. This quantum Magnus-like response, emerging from the second-order density perturbation, performs no work and is rooted in the geometric asymmetry of the dynamically induced flow. Our findings lay the foundation for a universal program in quantum tribology of accelerated motion, establishing a direct and experimentally testable connection among non-inertial dynamics, nonlinear response, and topological symmetry breaking across platforms ranging from ultracold atoms and exciton-polariton condensates to cosmological analog systems.
