友谊悖论：其行为后果的因果证据
The friendship paradox: Causal evidence of its behavioral consequences
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文通过因果分析，发现友谊悖论会使个体仅对朋友平均行为反应而非群体平均，导致互补博弈中行为向上扭曲、分散性增加且难以克服。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们首次对友谊悖论的行为后果进行因果分析，友谊悖论指网络中个体的朋友拥有比平均水平更多的连接。研究发现，个体行为受其网络位置影响：他们并非对推断出的群体平均行为做出最优反应，而是仅对其朋友的平均行为做出反应；此外，当在网络中被重新安置、改变观察环境时，他们无法学习克服这种偏差。在这些互补博弈中，友谊悖论会导致行为出现系统性向上扭曲，增加行为分散性，且即便存在学习机会仍会持续存在。
英文摘要
We provide a first causal analysis of the behavioral consequences of the friendship paradox-the fact that people's friends in a network have more connections than average. We find that people's behavior is biased by their network position: they do not best respond to what they should infer the average behavior of the population to be, but instead simply to the average behavior of their friends. Moreover, we find that they fail to learn to overcome such a bias when relocated within the network, varying their observational environment. In these games of complements, the friendship paradox generates a systematic upward distortion in actions, increases behavioral dispersion, and persists despite learning opportunities.
