异构商用与联邦服务间的协调频谱共存
Coordinated Spectrum Coexistence Across Heterogeneous Commercial and Federal Services
AI总结：
本文针对异构商用与联邦服务的频谱共存问题，提出统一框架及混合整数非线性规划求解方法，经BostonTwin仿真验证，可在满足感知与定位QoS的同时提升蜂窝性能，为下一代军民网络提供可行方案。
AI中文摘要：
未来无线网络需在拥塞的联邦6 GHz以下频谱上支持蜂窝通信、射频（RF）感知、无线电导航及无线电定位雷达等多种业务共存，以满足异构服务质量（QoS）要求，这一需求源于蜂窝流量需求不断增长、6G感知与定位服务普及，以及在不排挤现有用户的前提下重新利用联邦频段的监管压力。本文提出一种统一框架，让上述四种业务在集中协调下动态共享公共物理资源块（PRB）池，构建加权蜂窝总速率最大化问题，该问题需满足占空比、正交性、感知信噪比（SNR）及基于克拉美罗下界的定位约束。所得混合整数非线性规划（MINLP）通过对PRB分配、调度进行交替优化，结合功率分配的逐次凸近似求解，并辅以低复杂度的QoS感知贪心启发式算法。基于BostonTwin城市数字孪生的特定地点射线追踪仿真显示，该方案在严格满足感知与定位QoS的同时，频谱效率和蜂窝吞吐量获得显著提升，证明协调多业务共享是下一代军民网络中蜂窝-联邦-雷达共存的可行架构。
英文摘要：
Future wireless networks are expected to support the coexistence of cellular communications, radio frequency (RF) sensing, radionavigation, and radiolocation radar-among others-over congested federal sub-6 GHz spectrum under heterogeneous Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, driven by escalating cellular traffic demand, the proliferation of 6G sensing and positioning services, and regulatory pressure to repurpose federal bands without displacing incumbents. We develop a unified framework in which all four services dynamically share a common Physical Resource Block (PRB) pool under centralized coordination, formulating weighted cellular sum-rate maximization subject to duty-cycle, orthogonality, sensing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and Cramer-Rao-based positioning constraints. The resulting Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Program (MINLP) is solved by alternating optimization across PRB assignment, scheduling, and successive convex approximation for power allocation, complemented by a low-complexity QoS-aware greedy heuristic. Site-specific ray-tracing simulations on the BostonTwin urban digital twin show substantial gains in spectrum efficiency and cellular throughput while strictly meeting sensing and positioning QoS, establishing coordinated multi-service sharing as a viable architecture for cellular-federal-radar coexistence in next-generation military and civilian networks.
