AI 中文总结
本论文在10'×5'风洞中采用Irwin尖劈复现海洋大气边界层，开发两种适配不同场景的剖面，经测量验证其精度与稳健性，为优化海上风能系统提供方法支撑。
AI 中文摘要
大气边界层（Atmospheric Boundary Layer, ABL）对暴露于大气环境中的物体具有关键影响，因此对其开展研究至关重要。由于实际现场测试成本高昂，本论文聚焦于在风洞环境中复现海洋大气边界层。研究开发了两种剖面：第一种剖面用于建立国际各风工程标准间的共性（称为“剖面1”）；第二种剖面更适用于模拟英吉利海峡与北海的风电场入流（称为“剖面2”）。研究采用Irwin尖劈生成大气边界层，未使用地面粗糙度单元，通过激光多普勒测速仪（Laser Doppler Anemometry, LDA）与多孔探针（multi-hole probe, MHP）测量流动特性。与LDA相比，MHP表现出较高精度：顺流速度偏差小于1%，顺流、展向与法向速度分量的标准偏差均低于5%。两种剖面与归一化速度、湍流强度等目标指标吻合良好，展向均匀性与频谱分析证实，在不同入流速度下模拟结果均具有稳健性。总体而言，Irwin尖劈是一种成本效益高且可靠的海洋大气边界层模拟方法，为优化海上风能系统提供了宝贵见解。
英文摘要
The Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) plays a critical role in influencing objects exposed to atmospheric conditions, making its study crucial. Due to the high cost of real-world testing, this thesis focuses on replicating marine ABLs in a wind tunnel environment. Two profiles were developed: one that served as a framework for establishing commonality among the various international wind engineering standards ('Profile 1'), and a second profile, which is more suitable for modelling the inflow to wind farms in the English Channel and the North Sea ('Profile 2'). The ABLs were generated using Irwin spires without floor roughness elements, and the flow characteristics were measured using Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) and a multi-hole probe (MHP). MHP showed a reasonably high accuracy when compared to LDA, with less than 1% deviation in the streamwise velocity and under 5% standard deviation in the streamwise, spanwise, and wall-normal velocity components. The profiles achieved good agreement with target metrics such as normalised velocity and turbulence intensity. Spanwise uniformity and spectral analysis confirmed the robustness of the simulation across varying inflow velocities. Overall, Irwin spires proved to be a cost-effective and reliable method for simulating marine ABLs, offering valuable insights for optimising offshore wind energy systems.
Comments65 pages, 82 figures
