AI 中文总结
该综述针对下一代引力波探测器Einstein Telescope，总结其2-10Hz频段面临的环境噪声挑战，梳理相关研究及应对策略，为充分发挥其科学潜力提供支撑。
AI 中文摘要
爱因斯坦望远镜（Einstein Telescope，简称ET）是下一代地基干涉仪式引力波探测器，旨在以前所未有的深度和细节探索宇宙。ET拥有10-15公里长的臂、地下基础设施及先进的低温技术以抑制热噪声，目标是达到比Virgo、LIGO、KAGRA等现有探测器高8个数量级的灵敏度。其从2Hz开始的低频波段覆盖范围，将能够观测致密双星并合的更早旋进阶段，提升预警能力并改进多信使后续观测。然而，这种更高的灵敏度也意味着对环境干扰的敏感性更高，尤其是在2-10Hz范围内，人为、地震及基础设施噪声最为相关。因此，理解并抑制环境贡献对于充分挖掘ET的科学潜力至关重要。本章综述了针对ET环境噪声的 ongoing研究，总结了与站点表征和基础设施设计相关的主要挑战，并概述了目前正在开发的、以确保探测器达到最优性能的策略。
英文摘要
Einstein Telescope (ET) will be a next-generation ground based interferometric gravitational-wave detector designed to explore the Universe to an unprecedented depth and detail. With its 10-15 km long arms, underground infrastructure, and advanced cryogenic technologies to suppress thermal noise, ET aims at achieving a sensitivity up to eight orders of magnitude better than current detectors such as Virgo, LIGO, and KAGRA. The coverage of the low-frequency band, starting at 2 Hz, will enable the observation of earlier inspiral phases of compact binary coalescences, enhancing early-warning capabilities and improving multi-messenger follow-up. However, this increased sensitivity also implies a higher susceptibility to environmental disturbances, particularly in the 2-10 Hz range where anthropogenic, seismic and infrastructural noise noise are most relevant. Therefore, understanding and mitigating environmental contributions are essential to fully exploit the scientific potential of ET. This chapter reviews the ongoing studies on environmental noise for ET, summarizes the main challenges related to site characterization and infrastructure design and outlines the strategies currently under development to ensure optimal detector performance.
