普及滑雪安全：基于智能手机IMU与因果LSTM网络的实时转弯分割
Democratizing Ski Safety: Real-Time Turn Segmentation with Smartphone IMU and Causal LSTM Networks
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对休闲滑雪者ACL损伤预防不公平问题，提出仅用智能手机IMU的因果LSTM模型，经留一受试者交叉验证，平均方向准确率89.8%，可实现滑雪技术实时分析，推动损伤预防普及化。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤是运动中最常见且严重的损伤之一，尤其常见于休闲滑雪者。研究表明，结构化的技术认知与持续反馈可显著降低此类损伤风险，但专业教练的服务仅面向能负担得起持续私人指导的富裕运动员，造成了损伤预防领域的不公平现象。这一差距可通过面向更广泛休闲滑雪群体的滑雪技术实时分析自动化来缓解。该方法仅依赖标准智能手机内置的惯性测量单元（IMU），无需专用设备，具备广泛的社会可扩展性。为支持即时反馈，系统采用因果机制，仅基于过往观测生成预测。本研究与专业滑雪教练合作开展，确保问题设定、数据标注及结果评估符合真实世界的教练实践与损伤预防需求。模型采用留一受试者交叉验证在公开野外数据集上评估，展现出跨滑雪者的稳健泛化能力，平均方向准确率达89.8%，同时保持极低的推理延迟，适用于设备端移动部署。本研究为休闲运动损伤预防的普及化勾勒了可行路径。
英文摘要
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common and serious injuries in sports, particularly among recreational skiers. Research shows that structured technique awareness and continuous feedback can significantly reduce the risk of such injuries, yet access to professional instructors is limited to wealthy athletes who can afford continuous private coaching, creating a harmful inequity in injury prevention. This gap can be mitigated by automating the real-time analysis of skiing techniques available to the wider recreational skiing community. The approach relies exclusively on inertial sensors embedded in standard smartphones, eliminating the need for specialized equipment and enabling broad social scalability. To support immediate feedback, the system operates causally, producing predictions based solely on past observations. The work is conducted in cooperation with professional ski instructors, ensuring that problem formulation, data annotation, and result evaluation reflect real-world coaching practices and injury prevention needs. The model is evaluated using Leave-One-Subject-Out validation on a public, in-the-wild dataset, demonstrating robust generalization across skiers, achieving an average directional accuracy of 89.8%, while maintaining extremely low inference latency suitable for on-device mobile deployment. This work outlines a practical pathway to democratizing injury prevention in recreational sports.
