AI 中文总结
本研究通过28383颗恒星样本，发现类地行星与亚海王星的宿主星在化学丰度、活动度及诞生半径上存在显著差异，提示二者可能形成于不同环境。
AI 中文摘要
恒星宿主特性为行星形成与演化提供重要线索，但目前尚不清楚行星宿主星与未探测到行星的恒星间观测差异，是反映行星形成的真实信号还是恒星种群的固有差异。本研究利用包含629颗宿主星及865颗行星的28383颗Kepler-LAMOST-Gaia矮星与亚巨星的均匀样本，在校正分布诱导的匹配偏差后，将宿主星与年龄-质量匹配的非宿主星进行对比。在考虑全部行星样本时，多数宿主-非宿主差异消失，但按行星半径划分后呈现出不同趋势：在[O/Fe]、[Mg/Fe]、[Si/Fe]丰度分布的高端，类地行星宿主星比年龄-质量匹配的非宿主星更富氧但更贫镁、贫硅，而亚海王星宿主星则呈现相反行为；亚海王星宿主星还倾向于比同等非宿主星具有更低的色球活动度和更小的诞生半径。这些结果表明，宿主-非宿主差异主要在按行星大小划分后显现，类地行星与亚海王星可能关联不同的形成环境与演化路径；此外，本研究还发现，热木星宿主星相比长周期木星宿主星，初步呈现出金属丰度更高、色球活动更强、形成于更小的银道诞生半径的趋势。
英文摘要
Host-star properties provide important clues to planet formation and evolution, yet it remains unclear whether the observed differences between planet-hosting stars and stars without detected planets reflect genuine signatures of planet formation or underlying differences in stellar populations. Using a homogeneous sample of 28,383 Kepler-LAMOST-Gaia dwarf and subgiant stars, including 629 host stars with 865 planets, we compare host stars with age-mass matched non-host stars after correcting for distribution-induced matching biases. Most host-non-host differences disappear when the full planet sample is considered. However, separating planets by radius reveals distinct trends. At the high-abundance end of the [O/Fe], [Mg/Fe], and [Si/Fe] distributions, Earth-like hosts tend to be more O-rich but more Mg-poor and Si-poor than their age-mass matched non-host stars, whereas sub-Neptune hosts tend to show the opposite behavior. Sub-Neptune hosts also tend to exhibit lower chromospheric activity and smaller birth radii than comparable non-host stars. These results suggest that host-non-host differences become apparent primarily after separating planets by size and that Earth-like planets and sub-Neptunes may be associated with distinct formation environments and evolutionary pathways. We also find that hot-Jupiter hosts are tentatively more metal-rich, chromospherically active, and formed at smaller Galactic birth radii than hosts of longer-period Jupiters.
Comments18 pages, 13 figures, accepted by ApJ
