AI 中文总结
本文提出混合热-电动态的循环终端经济模型预测控制框架，实现多能源系统协调优化，揭示预测时域与终端惩罚权重的替代关系，提升电网兼容灵活性。
AI 中文摘要
耦合的电与热基础设施需要能响应市场价格且求解速度足够快以在线运行的控制器。本文提出一种统一的经济模型预测控制（EMPC）框架，用于集成热-电能源网络的协调运行。该方法基于循环终端EMC，将混合热-电动态、网络约束和时变经济信号整合到单一混合整数状态空间表示中，在凸经济阶段成本下联合优化热电联产机组、大型热泵、储热装置、电池及电网交互。 district供热网络和直流电网的降阶模型确保计算 tractability。该框架在校园级能源系统的时变价格和需求曲线下得到验证。对预测时域与终端惩罚权重的联合扫描显示，二者为替代关系而非独立调谐旋钮；无终端锚定时，闭环成本仅在时域跨越数个昼夜周期后才接近周期参考平均性能界；终端权重足够大时，在所有测试时域（包括最短时域）都能紧密达到该界，此时域不再是性能关键参数，仅为计算参数，该结果在第二个独立价格周上得到复现。软终端约束激活的权重之上，闭环行为在数十年的宽平台内对权重不敏感；激活之下，成本和储能跟踪均显著下降。还记录并解释了成本中性的储热状态的剩余滚动时域漂移。
英文摘要
Coupled electrical and thermal infrastructures need controllers that respond to market prices and still solve fast enough to run online. This paper presents a unified Economic Model Predictive Control (EMPC) framework for the coordinated operation of integrated thermal and electrical energy networks. Building on cyclic-terminal EMPC, the proposed approach incorporates hybrid thermal-electrical dynamics, network constraints, and time-varying economic signals within a single mixed-integer state-space representation, jointly optimizing combined heat and power units, large-scale heat pumps, thermal energy storage, batteries, and grid interactions under a convex economic stage cost. Computational tractability is ensured by reduced-order models of district heating networks and DC power flow grids. The framework is demonstrated on a campus-scale energy system under time-varying prices and demand profiles. A joint sweep of the prediction horizon against the terminal penalty weight shows that the two act as substitutes rather than as independent tuning knobs. Without terminal anchoring, the closed-loop cost approaches the periodic-reference average-performance bound only once the horizon spans several diurnal cycles. With a sufficiently large terminal weight, the bound is attained essentially tightly at every tested horizon, including the shortest one, so the horizon ceases to be a performance-critical parameter and becomes a purely computational one. The result reproduces on a second, independent price week. Beyond the weight at which the soft terminal constraint activates, closed-loop behavior is insensitive to the weight over a wide multi-decade plateau; below activation, cost and storage tracking both degrade markedly. A residual receding-horizon drift of the cost-neutral thermal-storage state is also documented and interpreted.
