AI 中文总结
本研究开发了一种基于超光镊阱冷里德伯原子的无磁线圈射频量子传感平台，实现了43dB动态范围、3μV/cm分辨率等优异性能，为相关领域应用开辟了新途径。
AI 中文摘要
我们演示了基于超光镊阱中冷里德伯原子的射频场量子传感，无需使用磁线圈。我们的方法结合了冷原子的计量学优势与无金属介电传感头，可将对电磁环境的扰动降至最低，这一特性此前仅局限于基于蒸汽池的设备。此外，由于不存在电感负载，我们可在冷却阶段与里德伯激发阶段之间快速切换，产生的阱损耗光谱信号比传统磁光阱窄一个数量级。这使得实现动态范围达43dB的自校准微波功率测量成为可能，为校准测量领域开辟了新的应用前景。我们还报告了优于1%的比例因子线性度，数十分钟内无漂移，分辨率达3μV/cm，且可提取所施加微波场的椭圆率。通过在紧凑的介电传感头中演示冷原子计量平台，本研究为里德伯原子在射频测量领域的新应用，以及磁强计、重力测量或惯性导航等基于冷原子的其他量子传感领域铺平了道路。
英文摘要
We demonstrate the quantum sensing of radiofrequency fields based on cold Rydberg atoms in a super-molasses trap, without the need for magnetic coils. Our approach combines the metrological advantages of cold atoms with a metal-free dielectric sensor head minimizing perturbations to the electromagnetic environment, a feature that was previously restricted to vapor-cell-based devices. Moreover, the absence of inductive loads allows to rapidly alternate between the cooling phase and the Rydberg excitation, leading to trap-loss spectroscopy signals one order of magnitude narrower than for conventional magneto-optical traps. This enables self-calibrated microwave power measurements with an unprecedented dynamic range of 43dB, opening the door to new perspectives of applications in calibration measurements. We also report a scale factor linearity better than 1%, the absence of drifts over several tens of minutes leading to a 3$μ$V/cm resolution, and the possibility to retrieve the ellipticity of the applied microwave field. By demonstrating a cold-atom metrological platform in a compact dielectric sensor head, this work paves the way for new applications in the field of radiofrequency measurements with Rydberg atoms, and in other fields of quantum sensing based on cold atoms such as magnetometry, gravimetry or inertial navigation.
