AI 中文总结
本文推导了任意噪声下自发辐射率的一般表达式，结合原子结构分析坍缩模型诱导的自发辐射，计算锗和氙在两种坍缩模型中的辐射率，为约束坍缩模型参数提供了更稳健的材料依赖实验框架。
AI 中文摘要
坍缩模型在量子动力学中引入了随机且非线性的修正，预测了诸如带电粒子自发辐射等可观测效应，这些效应可用于约束坍缩模型的参数。近来，研究重点集中在1-100 keV的能量范围，该范围内发射光子的波长与原子尺寸相当，使得辐射对原子结构敏感，并产生可用于区分不同坍缩模型的模型依赖行为。本文推导了任意噪声下自发辐射率的一般表达式，提供了一个框架，通过发射体的径向分布系统地纳入原子结构，该分布受特定坍缩模型调制。该形式在适当极限下可重现已有结果，并自然包含新的低能效应，例如由电荷关联产生的抵消机制。我们针对锗和氙，在Diósi-Penrose模型和连续自发局域化（CSL）模型中计算了辐射率，展示了这些关联如何改变预测的辐射率。该方法提供了一个统一框架来考虑原子效应，能够对坍缩模型参数进行更稳健的、依赖于材料的实验约束。
英文摘要
Collapse models introduce stochastic and nonlinear modifications in the quantum dynamics, predicting observable effects, such as spontaneous radiation from charged particles, which can be used to constrain their parameters. Recently, attention has focused on the 1-100 keV energy range, where the wavelength of the emitted photons becomes comparable to atomic dimensions, making the emission sensitive to atomic structure and leading to model-dependent behaviors that enable their discrimination. Here, we derive a general expression for the spontaneous emission rate for arbitrary noise, providing a framework that systematically incorporates the atomic structure through the radial distribution of the emitters, modulated by the specific collapse model. The formalism recovers previous results in the appropriate limits and naturally includes new low-energy effects, such as cancellation mechanisms arising from charge correlations. We evaluate the rates for germanium and xenon within the Diósi-Penrose and Continuous Spontaneous Localization models, showing how these correlations modify the predicted emission rates. This approach provides a unified framework to account for atomic effects and enables more robust, material-dependent experimental constraints on collapse model parameters.
