DoDTrack：基于多普勒差的室内移动设备跟踪
DoDTrack: Indoor Mobile Devices Tracking via Difference-of-Doppler
AI总结：
本文提出新型基于多普勒差的DoDTrack跟踪系统，仅用带分布式天线的单接收机，无需轨迹起始位置先验信息，在6m×6m室内感知区域中位跟踪误差达0.34m，提供高精度低成本主动设备跟踪方案。
AI中文摘要：
本文利用多普勒频移（DFS）作为唯一感知参数，实现低成本室内移动设备跟踪。现有基于Wi-Fi系统DFS的轨迹跟踪方法，往往需要目标起始位置信息或到达角（AoA）、飞行时间（ToF）等额外信息，才能恢复运动目标的轨迹。本文提出DoDTrack，一种新型基于多普勒差（DoD）的跟踪系统，使用带分布式天线的单接收机跟踪主动移动设备。通过对比共享振荡器的分布式接收天线处的接收信号，可鲁棒检测天线间的多普勒差（DoD）。随后，无需轨迹起始位置先验信息的轨迹重建可被建模为最小均方误差（MMSE）问题，该问题可通过交替优化求解，具体而言，所提算法会交替更新起始位置与轨迹形状。在性能验证中，我们在USRP-X310平台上实现了所提DoDTrack设计，并在室内环境中针对多种轨迹形状评估其估计精度。实验结果表明，在6m×6m感知区域内，DoDTrack的中位跟踪误差为0.34m，为主动设备跟踪提供了高精度、低成本的解决方案。
英文摘要：
In this paper, the Doppler frequency shift (DFS) is exploited as the only sensing parameter for low-cost indoor mobile device tracking. The existing trajectory tracking methods via DFS of Wi-Fi systems often require the knowledge of the starting position or additional information, like angle-of-arrival (AoA) and time-of-flight (ToF), to recover the trajectory of a moving target. This paper proposes the DoDTrack, a novel Difference-of-Doppler (DoD)-based tracking system, to track an active mobile device using a single receiver with distributed antennas. By comparing the signals received at the distributed receive antennas, which share the oscillator, the DoDs among the antennas can be detected robustly. Then, the reconstruction of the trajectory without prior knowledge of the trajectory starting position can be formulated as a minimum mean square error (MMSE) problem, which can be solved via alternating optimization. Particularly, the starting position and the trajectory shape are updated alternately in the proposed algorithm. In performance validation, we implemented the proposed DoDTrack design on a USRP-X310 platform, and assessed its estimation accuracy with various trajectory shapes in an indoor environment. Experimental results demonstrate that DoDTrack achieves a median tracking error of 0.34 m within a 6 m $\times$ 6 m sensing area, offering a high-precision and low-cost solution for active device tracking.
