AI 中文总结
该研究介绍了MANTIS小卫星的光机设计，其搭载多波段光谱仪用于观测低质量恒星，灵敏度优于前代EUV光谱仪，预计2027年完成研制、2028年发射。
AI 中文摘要
MANTIS（利用紫外成像与光谱学监测邻近恒星活动）天文台是一款紧凑的多仪器小卫星，设计用于对低质量恒星同时开展极紫外（EUV；100-560埃）、远紫外（FUV；1150-1800埃）以及近紫外/可见光（NUV/VIS；2000-6400埃）波段的光谱观测。EUV光学系统包含一台由意大利国家天体物理研究所（INAF）提供的首创Hettrick-Bowyer掠入射望远镜，其为宾夕法尼亚州立大学（PSU）研发的先进电子束光刻刻制变线距光栅提供馈源；生成的低分辨率光谱被成像至带有碘化钾（KI）光电阴极的先进微通道板探测器上，该探测器具备极低的背景噪声，使MANTIS的极限灵敏度超过了上一代对EUV敏感的天体物理点源光谱仪——EUVE卫星上的深测/光谱仪（DS/S）。FUV与NUV/光学通道由一台紧凑矩形望远镜馈送，该望远镜将光线聚焦至一系列点源孔径上；发散光束经重聚焦后，FUV波段由全息光栅色散，再通过一个环形折叠镜折回至与EUV通道相同的探测器；零级光由一块平面NUV光栅分离，NUV/光学光谱则记录在e2v CCD 42-10探测器上。MANTIS航天器为定制型号，其航空电子设备、电源、通信及机械结构均借鉴了科罗拉多大学LASP团队此前小卫星的研发经验；预计MANTIS将于2027年完成研制，2028年作为ESPA级载荷搭乘拼车任务发射。
英文摘要
The MANTIS (Monitoring Activity of Nearby sTars with uv Imaging and Spectroscopy) observatory is a compact, multi-instrument small satellite designed for simultaneous extreme- (EUV; 100 - 560 Angstrom), far- (FUV; 1150-1800 Angstrom) and near-ultraviolet/visible (NUV/VIS; 2000-6400 Angstrom) spectroscopy of low-mass stars. The EUV optical system consists of a first-of-its-kind Hettrick-Bowyer grazing incidence telescope contributed by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) feeding an advanced e-beam lithographic etched variable line spacing grating developed at Pennsylvania State University (PSU). The resulting low-resolution spectrum is imaged on an advanced microchannel plate detector with a potassium iodide (KI) photocathode for extremely low background noise, resulting in a limiting sensitivity for MANTIS that exceeds that of the last EUV-sensitive astrophysics point-source spectrograph, the Deep Survey/Spectrometer (DS/S) on EUVE. The FUV and NUV/Optical channels are fed by a compact rectangular telescope that focuses onto a series of point-source apertures. The diverging beam is refocused and the FUV band dispersed by a holographic grating, then folded back onto the same detector as the EUV channel by a toroidal fold mirror. The zero-order light is picked off by a flat NUV grating, with the NUV/Optical spectrum recorded on an e2v CCD 42-10 detector. The MANTIS spacecraft is a custom build that leverages the experience derived from prior University of Colorado - LASP SmallSats for avionics, power, communications, and mechanical structure. MANTIS is projected to be completed in 2027 with an anticipated 2028 launch as an ESPA-class payload on a rideshare opportunity.
Comments15 figures, 2 tables
