AI 中文总结
研究人员开发了凝固熔岩的统一有限元模型VENUSS，其耦合粘性流体内部与弹性壳，发现弹性壳与基底地形耦合的穹顶比高粘性硬壳穹顶横向扩展更多、垂直抬升更少，需考虑固体层应力横向转移以准确预测穹顶变形。
AI 中文摘要
熔岩流和穹顶表面硬壳或甲壳的形成，使变形机制从主导粘性转变为弹性或塑性，该转变对熔岩就位的速率和样式有显著影响，包括河道化流的构建、过陡边缘以及因熔岩突破导致的流动推进，这些过程在冷却加速的水下、冰下和地外环境中尤为重要，需要针对这些环境专门校准的模型。我们提出一种新的数值模型——凝固流粘性-弹性数值统一求解器（Viscous-Elastic Numerically Unified Solver for Solidifying flows，VENUSS），用于冷却和凝固自由表面流，该模型将粘性流体内部与厚度随冷却增长的弹性壳耦合。作为在流动模型中纳入凝固地壳影响的示例，我们表明，由下方供给且弹性壳与基底地形耦合的穹顶状形状，相比具有高粘性硬壳的同类情况会产生更多横向扩展和更少垂直抬升，这表明固体层中应力的横向转移对准确解释和预测穹顶变形是必要的。
英文摘要
The development of a solid rind or carapace at the surface of lava flows and domes results in a transition in deformation mechanism from dominantly viscous to elastic or plastic. This transition has a significant impact on the rate and style of emplacement, including on the construction of channelized flows, over-steepened margins, and flow advance due to lava breakouts. These processes are particularly important in subaqueous, subglacial, and extraterrestrial environments in which cooling is accelerated, requiring models specifically calibrated for these environments. We present a new numerical model, Viscous-Elastic Numerically Unified Solver for Solidifying flows (VENUSS), for cooling and solidifying free surface flows. The model couples a viscous fluid interior with an elastic shell whose thickness grows in response to cooling. As a demonstration of the impact of including a solidified crust in the flow model, we show that a dome-like shape fed from below with an elastic shell coupled to the basal topography results in more lateral expansion and less vertical uplift than a comparable highly-viscous rind, demonstrating the need for lateral transfer of stress in solid layers to accurately interpret and predict dome deformation.
CommentsSubmitted 26-MAR-2026
