AI 中文总结
研究人员利用$^{87}$Rb玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体构建一维非厄米合成晶格，调节耗散率观测到波包从弹道传播到近完美吸收再到量子芝诺反射的变化，证实最优吸收对应隧穿与耗散的适当匹配，确立合成晶格为耗散工程量子输运的量子模拟平台。
AI 中文摘要
我们在工程化量子系统中实验研究了入射到耗散区域的传播波包的吸收情况。我们采用一维非厄米合成晶格，该晶格在耗散子链与非耗散子链之间存在突变界面，利用$^{87}$Rb玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的电子基态超精细多重态的态作为格点。通过调节耗散率，我们观察到传播过程从弹道传播，到近完美吸收，再到量子芝诺反射的变化。在数值模拟的指导下，我们确定当隧穿效应与耗散效应适当匹配时会出现最优吸收，并且在所有耗散 regime 中都与理想化的半无限模型呈现定性一致。我们的结果确立了合成晶格作为多功能量子模拟平台，适用于耗散工程量子输运研究，并强调可控耗散是定制量子动力学的一种资源。
英文摘要
We experimentally explore the absorption of a propagating wavepacket impinging upon a dissipative region in an engineered quantum system. We employ a 1D non-Hermitian synthetic lattice with an abrupt interface between dissipative and non-dissipative subchains, using the states of the electronic ground-state hyperfine manifold in a $^{87}$Rb Bose-Einstein condensate as sites. By tuning the dissipation rate, we observe a progression from ballistic propagation, to near-perfect absorption, to quantum Zeno reflection. Guided by numerical simulations, we identify that optimal absorption occurs when tunneling and dissipation are properly matched, and find qualitative agreement with an idealized semi-infinite model across all dissipation regimes. Our results establish synthetic lattices as a versatile Quantum simulation platform for dissipation-engineered quantum transport and highlight controlled dissipation as a resource for tailoring quantum dynamics.
Comments6 pages, 4 figures
