AI 中文总结
本文开发了适用于带自旋核分子的综合实验工具箱，结合已演示技术实现高灵敏度，可用于搜寻核对称性破缺，还能推进核理论基准验证。
AI 中文摘要
冷重分子是探索核P宇称破缺和CP宇称破缺现象、寻找标准模型之外新物理的有前景体系。然而，迄今为止提出的大多数实验策略及其早期实现，都局限于具有有效零自旋核的原理验证分子种类，这类分子对核对称性破缺现象不敏感。在此，我们介绍了一个综合实验工具箱，它整合了冷却、囚禁、相干态操控以及完整的精密测量方案，适用于携带相关核自旋的分子。以¹³⁷Ba¹⁹F分子和核自旋依赖的宇称破缺（NSD-PV）分别作为代表性种类和基准应用，我们的方法结合了当前实验中已单独演示的技术，预计统计灵敏度比同类分子束高出约两个数量级。这种精度水平不仅能让实验实际获取该分子中重核¹³⁷Ba产生的增强NSD-PV信号，还能获取较轻核¹⁹F的贡献，使核从头算理论的直接基准验证成为可能。我们进一步确定了一个候选魔术波长，作为未来实验中实现秒级旋转相干性的途径。此处开发的技术可推广到含变形核的分子中核施夫曼矩和磁四极矩的测量，为实验室搜寻核对称性破缺建立了通用平台。
英文摘要
Cold heavy molecules are promising systems for exploring nuclear $\mathcal{P}$- and $\mathcal{CP}$-violating phenomena in search of new physics beyond the Standard Model. However, most proposed experimental strategies and their early realizations to date have been limited to proof-of-principle molecular species with effectively spin-zero nuclei that are not sensitive to nuclear symmetry-violating phenomena. Here, we introduce a comprehensive experimental toolbox that integrates cooling, trapping, coherent state manipulation, and a complete precision-measurement protocol that is applicable to molecules carrying relevant nuclear spins. Using ${}^{137}$Ba${}^{19}$F and nuclear-spin-dependent parity violation (NSD-PV) as representative species and benchmark application, respectively, our approach achieves a projected statistical sensitivity roughly two orders of magnitude beyond comparable molecular beams by combining techniques already demonstrated individually in current experiments. This level of precision could provide realistic experimental access not only to the enhanced NSD-PV signals arising from the heavy ${}^{137}$Ba nucleus within this molecule but also to the contributions from the lighter ${}^{19}$F nucleus, bringing direct benchmarks of nuclear \textit{ab initio} theory within reach. We further identify a candidate magic wavelength as a route to second-scale rotational coherence in future experiments. The techniques developed here can be transferred to measurements of nuclear Schiff and magnetic quadrupole moments in molecules containing deformed nuclei, establishing a general platform for laboratory searches for nuclear symmetry violations.
