AI 中文总结
本研究利用SUNRISE III SCIP与DST的协同观测，揭示了太阳黑子本影内M1.4级耀斑核的色球精细结构与等离子体运动，解释了耀斑红不对称性的成因。
AI 中文摘要
我们报告了对一次M1.4级太阳耀斑的成像光谱观测结果，该观测是通过SUNRISE-III气球任务搭载的红外光谱偏振仪SCIP与京都大学平野天文台的无圆顶太阳望远镜（Domeless Solar Telescope, DST）协同开展的。此次耀斑于2024年7月13日发生在NOAA 13738活动区，其紧凑的耀斑核位于太阳黑子本影内。SCIP对本影周围58角秒×58角秒的视场开展了快速狭缝扫描观测，时间分辨率为40秒，覆盖了包括Ca II 8498/8542埃和K I D1在内的红外色球及高层光球谱线；与此同时，DST以25秒的时间分辨率对更广阔的周边区域进行观测，覆盖了H-alpha、Ca II 8542埃以及Na I D1/D2谱线。在SCIP与DST观测到的所有色球谱线中，均检测到了清晰的耀斑相关增亮现象，而光球谱线未发现显著增强。SCIP的高空间分辨率揭示了耀斑核内空间尺度约1000公里的精细子结构，这些结构在地基观测中被模糊化。光谱轮廓呈现出随时间和空间变化的多普勒位移与谱线展宽，表明色球中存在复杂的精细尺度等离子体运动。这些结果显示，观测到的红不对称性源于SCIP揭示的多个精细尺度耀斑核的时间序列，而非单一连续过程。
英文摘要
We report imaging spectroscopic observations of an M1.4 solar flare obtained during a coordinated observation between the infrared spectropolarimeter SCIP onboard the SUNRISE-III balloon mission and Domeless Solar Telescope (DST) at Hida Observatory, Kyoto University. The flare that occurred on 2024 July 13 in NOAA Active Region 13738 exhibited a compact flare kernel located within a sunspot umbra. SCIP performed rapid slit-scan observations over a field of view of 58" x 58" around the umbra with a cadence of 40 s, covering infrared chromospheric and upper-photospheric lines including Ca II 8498/8542 A and K I D1. At the same time, DST observed a wider surrounding region with a cadence of 25 s in H-alpha, Ca II 8542 A, and Na I D1/D2. Clear flare-related brightenings are detected in all chromospheric lines observed by SCIP and DST, while no significant enhancement is found in photospheric lines. The high spatial resolution of SCIP reveals fine substructures within the kernel on spatial scales of order 1000 km, which appear smeared in ground-based observations. The spectral profiles exhibit temporally and spatially varying Doppler shifts and line broadenings, indicating complex, fine-scale plasma motions in the chromosphere. These results suggest that the observed red asymmetry arises from the temporal succession of multiple fine-scale kernels, as revealed by SCIP, rather than from a single continuous process.
Comments11 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL (a part of the Focus Issue on Sunrise III)
