NICA SPD上的自旋物理
Spin Physics at NICA SPD
AI总结:
该研究介绍了正在调试的NICA对撞机上的SPD探测器,其利用最高27 GeV的极化质子与氘核束,通过多种探针测量自旋不对称性,以研究核子自旋结构并开展相关物理计划。
AI中文摘要:
自旋物理探测器(SPD)是位于杜布纳联合核子研究所(JINR)、正在调试中的NICA对撞机上的通用探测器。SPD旨在利用其独特的运行能力开展自旋相关研究,该探测器可对极化质子和氘核束进行加速,其质心系碰撞能量最高可达27 GeV,亮度最高可达10³² cm⁻²s⁻¹,以此研究质子和氘核的自旋结构及其他自旋相关现象。该实验的核心目标是通过测量相关的单自旋和双自旋不对称性,获取质子和氘核中的胶子TMD部分子分布函数(TMD PDFs),以及氘核中的胶子横向极化分布和张量部分子分布函数,测量过程将利用多种互补探针,如粲夸克偶素、开粲粒子和直接光子产生过程。此外,SPD还可开展其他极化与非极化物理研究,尤其适用于NICA运行初期质子和离子束亮度、碰撞能量降低的阶段。本文将介绍SPD的物理计划及探测器装置的设计方案。
英文摘要:
The Spin Physics Detector (SPD) is a universal detector at the NICA collider under commissioning at JINR, Dubna. The SPD is intended to study the spin structure of the proton and deuteron and other spin-related phenomena using a unique possibility to operate with polarized proton and deuteron beams at a collision energies up to 27~GeV and a luminosity up to 10$^{32}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. As the primary goal, the experiment aims to provide access to the gluon TMD PDFs in the proton and deuteron, as well as the gluon transversity distribution and tensor PDFs in the deuteron, via the measurements of relevant single and double spin asymmetries using different complementary probes such as charmonia, open charm, and prompt photon production processes. Other polarized and unpolarized physics studies are possible, especially at the first stage of NICA operation with reduced luminosity and collision energy of the proton and ion beams. The physics program of the SPD and the design of the SPD setup will be presented.