AI 中文总结
本文提出并验证了新统计拓扑框架，结合环系综理论推导相关幂律标度，通过32年观测数据分析验证了太阳磁环螺旋度行为，解释了极端太阳活动不可预测性，可应用于多种湍流系统。
AI 中文摘要
我们提出并验证了一种新的统计拓扑框架，用于研究类太阳恒星的复杂磁场演化。太阳作为我们最熟悉的恒星，会表现出太阳耀斑、日冕物质抛射等混沌行为，这些现象对地球至关重要。尽管这些现象主要由磁场驱动，但理解其复杂磁场一直颇具挑战。本文中，我们通过推进统计物理学中的环系综理论，提出了一个新模型，用于理解磁环从太阳内部浮现前的 helicity（ helicity 译为螺旋度）行为。我们推导了对太阳磁场至关重要的几种新的幂律标度，包括磁通量、磁螺旋度和环绕数。我们通过对32年长期连续观测的大量数据分析来检验这些预测。这些结果不仅为新的统计拓扑框架提供了证据，还系统解释了极端太阳活动浮现的内在不可预测性。这一关于环系综临界结构的新发现，还可应用于广泛的湍流系统。
英文摘要
We propose and verify a new statistical topology framework to study the complex magnetic field evolution of Sun-like stars. The Sun, as the star we are most familiar with, exhibits chaotic behaviors such as solar flares and mass ejections that are crucial to the Earth. While these phenomena are mainly driven by the magnetic field, it has been challenging to understand the complex magnetic field. In this paper, we propose a new model to understand the helicity behavior of magnetic loops before their emergence from the interior by advancing the loop ensemble theory from statistical physics. We derive several new power-law scalings that are essential to the Sun's magnetic field, including magnetic flux, magnetic helicity, and linking number. We examine our prediction by a large data analysis through long-term continuous observation over 32 yr. These results not only provide evidence for the new statistical topology framework but also systematically explain the intrinsic unpredictability on the emergence of extreme solar activities. This new discovery on the critical structure of loop ensemble can also be applied to a wide range of turbulence systems.
Comments8 pages, 3 figures, to be published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
