相互作用的伽利略型与有限能量卡罗尔型费米子
Interacting Galilean and Finite-Energy Carroll Fermions
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文通过相似变换统一推导有质量狄拉克作用量的伽利略与卡罗尔极限,得到新系统并分类相关定域相互作用,还分析了能量参数的可消除性,恢复了已知模型并拓展了相关理论。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们基于一个依赖于质量和光速的相似变换,对有质量狄拉克作用量的伽利略极限和卡罗尔极限进行了统一推导。狄拉克共轭的两种选择结合不同的质量标度,产生了不同的极限作用量族。该构造恢复了已知的伽利略和卡罗尔费米子模型,并在每种情形下得到了新的系统。我们对一组足够的与洛伦兹 boost 兼容的定域(自)相互作用进行了分类,其中包括南布-约纳-拉西尼奥(NJL)相互作用。新的伽利略型自由作用量具有定域费米子规范对称性,该对称性消除了其定域场内容。选定的一个四次相互作用在保持巴格曼(Bargmann)boost 的同时,明确破坏了原有的费米子规范对称性,因此消除场内容的论证不再适用。NJL 极限相互作用仅使该规范对称性的实现发生形变。我们证明,若干卡罗尔作用量中的能量参数可通过依赖于时间的相位重新定义消除;反之,在新的卡罗尔型扩展中,能量无法被消除。
英文摘要
We present a unified derivation of the Galilean and Carrollian limits of the massive Dirac action based on a similarity transformation depending on the mass and the speed of light. The two choices of Dirac conjugation, combined with different mass scalings, generate distinct families of limiting actions. This construction recovers known Galilei and Carroll fermion models and yields new systems, one in each regime. We classify a sufficient set of boost-compatible local (self-)interactions, which includes Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL). The new Galilean free action possesses a local fermionic gauge symmetry that eliminates its local field content. A selected quartic interaction, preserving the Bargmann boost, explicitly breaks the original fermionic gauge symmetry so that the argument that eliminates the field content no longer applies. The NJL limit interaction merely deforms the realization of that gauge symmetry. We show that the energy parameter in several Carroll actions can be eliminated by a time-dependent phase redefinition; conversely, in the new Carrollian extension the energy cannot be removed.