AI 中文总结
该研究指出从带电对产生单极子-反单极子对的树级振幅存在因子化障碍，最小单光子耦合无法构造该振幅，需引入独立保罗形状因子解决离散对称不匹配问题。
AI 中文摘要
我们证明，从带电对产生单极子-反单极子对的树级振幅无法由最小的单光子耦合构造。将电和磁的三点顶点粘合会产生非零的光子极点贡献，但由此产生的磁末态具有与电初态相反的离散对称本征值。定域四点相互作用无法改变由三点耦合确定的极点贡献，因此无法修复这种不匹配。对于费米子，该障碍是最小三点耦合特有的：独立的保罗形状因子提供了自旋单态三点振幅，使对称选择规则得以满足。
英文摘要
We show that the tree-level amplitude for producing a monopole--antimonopole pair from an electrically charged pair cannot be constructed from the minimal one-photon couplings. Gluing the electric and magnetic three-point vertices gives a nonzero photon-pole contribution, but the resulting magnetic final state has the opposite discrete-symmetry eigenvalue from the electric initial state. Local four-point interactions cannot change the pole contribution fixed by the three-point couplings, so they cannot repair this mismatch. For fermions, the obstruction is specific to the minimal three-point coupling: an independent Pauli form factor supplies a spin-singlet three-point amplitude and allows the symmetry selection rule to be satisfied.
Comments57 pages
