AI 中文总结
本研究提出可在量子处理器上以常深度并行制备聚类非阿贝尔FQH态的新框架，在IBM Heron处理器上制备18类FQH态，为研究FQH物理及非阿贝尔拓扑物质开辟了可扩展途径。
AI 中文摘要
非阿贝尔任意子作为分数量子霍尔（FQH）物质中的奇异激发，在常规平台中极难实现。本研究表明，在可编程量子硬件平台上，越奇异的FQH激发制备成本越低：聚类非阿贝尔FQH态可采用双量子比特深度与系统规模无关的并行量子制备电路，而构建更常见的阿贝尔Laughlin态则需要深度呈线性的串行电路链。本研究的核心是我们新的系统框架，用于分类可能的FQH态并在量子电路上以前所未有的规模和多样性制备它们。我们制备的parafermionic Read–Rezayi Z₃态在8至118量子比特上深度为3，全根采样扩展至154量子比特、104个电子的Read–Rezayi Z₄态。总体而言，我们展示的18类已制备FQH态覆盖了IBM Heron处理器的全部156量子比特，仅受现有硬件规模限制。对已制备态的测量恢复了预期的分数准空穴电荷，聚类态在每个对称性选择的 shots 中电荷估计器均精确，且通过干涉测量扩展测得非阿贝尔e/4准空穴的编织数据。我们的工作确立了在量子处理器上研究FQH物理的可扩展途径，并为制备和探测远超常规平台范围的非阿贝尔拓扑物质开辟了新途径。
英文摘要
Non-Abelian anyons arise as exotic excitations in fractional quantum Hall (FQH) matter and have proved very elusive to realize in conventional platforms. In this work, we show that on a programmable quantum hardware platform, the more exotic FQH excitations are the less costly ones to prepare: clustered non-Abelian FQH states admit parallel quantum preparation circuits whose two-qubit depth is independent of system size, while constructing the more common Abelian Laughlin state requires a sequential circuit chain with linear depth. The centerpiece of this work is our new systematic framework for cataloging possible FQH states and preparing them on quantum circuits at unprecedented scale and variety. Our prepared parafermionic Read--Rezayi $\mathbb{Z}_3$ state holds depth 3 from 8 to 118 qubits, and full root sampling extends to a 154-qubit, 104-electron Read--Rezayi $\mathbb{Z}_4$ state. In all, our demonstrated 18-family catalog of prepared FQH states extends to all 156 qubits of an IBM Heron processor, limited only by existing hardware scale. Measurements on the prepared states recover the expected fractional quasihole charges, with the charge estimator exact in every symmetry-selected shot for the clustered states, and braiding data of the non-Abelian $e/4$ quasihole measured via interferometric extensions. Our work establishes a scalable route to studying FQH physics on quantum processors and opens new avenues for preparing and probing non-Abelian topological matter far beyond the reach of conventional platforms.
Comments16.5 pages, 11 figures
