利用空气簇射极大深度约束洛伦兹不变性破坏
Constraining Lorentz invariance violation from the depth of air-shower maximum
AI总结：
本文利用皮埃尔·奥格探测器的空气簇射极大深度数据，通过模拟分析亚光速光子领域洛伦兹不变性破坏（LIV）的效应，得到95%置信水平下M_LIV>1.5×10^21 GeV，为约束强子空气簇射中LIV提供了新途径。
AI中文摘要：
假设的洛伦兹不变性破坏（LIV）虽已受到严格约束，但并未被排除为高能新物理的可能表现形式。在亚光速光子领域LIV中，受抑制的Bethe–Heitler对产生会改变广延空气簇射的电磁分量。我们利用已发表的皮埃尔·奥格（Pierre Auger）荧光探测器重建的空气簇射极大深度分布，对该效应开展基于模拟的简化分析。将簇射极大深度的修正分布与奥格探测器响应参数化结合，在每个重建能量区间使用自由成分比例与数据进行比较。在此方法下，该比较给出的LIV灵敏度与超高能光子诱导簇射的预期灵敏度相当。我们得到M_LIV>1.5×10^21 GeV（95%置信水平）。该结果不应被解读为探测器级别的实验极限，因为探测器响应和重建过程被简化，且结果仍依赖于成分。不过，本文提出的方法为利用更详细的分析约束强子空气簇射中LIV开辟了道路。
英文摘要：
Hypothetical Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) remains strongly constrained but has not been excluded as a possible manifestation of new high-energy physics. In subluminal photon-sector LIV, suppressed Bethe$\unicode{x2013}$Heitler pair production modifies the electromagnetic component of extensive air showers. We present a simulation-based toy analysis of this effect using published Pierre Auger fluorescence-detector distributions of the reconstructed depth of air-shower maximum. The modified distributions of the depth of the shower maximum are folded with the Auger detector-response parametrizations and compared with the data using free composition fractions in each reconstructed-energy bin. Within this approach, the comparison gives a sensitivity to LIV compatible with that expected from ultra-high-energy photon-induced showers. We obtain $M_{\rm LIV}>1.5\times 10^{21}\,\text{GeV}$ ($95\%$ confidence level). This result should not be interpreted as a detector-level experimental limit because the detector response and reconstruction are simplified, and the result remains composition dependent. However, the approach presented here opens the way for constraining LIV in hadronic air showers with more detailed analyses.
