AI 中文总结
本研究提出利用kSZ效应与CMB引力透镜的互相关探测再电离时代，通过AMBER模拟验证其可行性，预测当前实验可勉强探测、未来实验能高精度约束再电离场景，并探讨了测量挑战及缓解方法。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究运动学 Sunyaev-Zeldovich（kSZ）效应与宇宙微波背景（CMB）引力透镜的互相关，将其作为探测再电离时代的探针。在再电离期间，电离电子泡在 overdensities 周围形成，通过kSZ效应在CMB中产生温度扰动，该扰动与CMB引力透镜探测到的投影物质密度场相关。我们使用AMBER模拟证明，可通过将kSZ平方场与CMB引力透镜势互相关来探测该效应，且该信号对再电离的持续时间和中点敏感。我们预测，对于类Simons Observatory实验，其具有5μK-arcmin的白噪声、覆盖40%的天区，该信号可在S/N=2至3的水平上被勉强探测到；而像CMB-HD这样的未来实验可提供S/N≈50的测量结果，从而对再电离场景给出有价值的约束。我们研究了测量该信号的潜在挑战并探索了每种挑战的缓解方法：低红移处河外前景的污染、kSZ平方估计量受引力透镜的污染以及其他估计量偏差。
英文摘要
We investigate the cross-correlation of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect with lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) as a probe of the epoch of reionisation. During reionisation, bubbles of ionised electrons form around overdensities, generating temperature perturbations in the CMB via the kSZ effect, which correlate with the projected matter density field probed by CMB lensing. We demonstrate using AMBER simulations that this effect can be probed via cross-correlating the squared kSZ field with the CMB lensing potential, and that the signal is sensitive to the duration and midpoint of reionisation. We forecast that for a Simons Observatory-like experiment with 5$μ$K-arcmin white noise, covering 40% of the sky, the signal could be marginally detected at $S/N$ = 2 to 3. Meanwhile, a futuristic experiment like CMB-HD could provide a measurement of $S/N \sim 50$, yielding informative constraints on reionisation scenarios. We investigate potential challenges in measuring the signal and explore mitigation for each: contamination from extragalactic foregrounds at low redshift, contamination of the kSZ-squared estimator by lensing, and other estimator biases.
