H波段干涉测量用扫频外差探测技术
Swept-source heterodyne detection for interferometry in the H band
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对H波段干涉测量，利用高重复频率扫频源与电信组件并行化相干探测器以扩展光谱覆盖，经实验室单通道验证其信噪比可满足H波段约1平方米望远镜短时间观测亮星的需求。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在光学波长下，直接探测干涉测量在信噪比方面优于外差干涉测量，这不仅是因为光电探测器的电子带宽有限（通常<100 GHz），还源于光本振的散粒噪声贡献。J、H波段，以及近期K波段中高质量、高性价比电信组件的大规模生产，可能为外差信号探测与处理（如相关处理），以及本振的传输、分配与控制开辟新方案。本文阐述如何利用高重复频率频率扫频源与电信组件，以合理成本并行化大量相干探测器，从而扩展光谱覆盖范围；同时展示了首个实验室单通道概念验证，其实现的信噪比（SNR）可能足以在H波段用约1平方米口径的望远镜、以短积分时间（<100 ms）观测最亮的恒星。
英文摘要
It is well established that direct-detection interferometry outperforms heterodyne interferometry in terms of signal-to-noise ratio at optical wavelengths, not only because of the limited electronic bandwidth of photodetectors (typically <100 GHz), but also due to the shot-noise contribution of the optical local oscillator. The large-scale production of high-quality and cost-effective telecom components in the J+H band, and more recently in the K band, may open new schemes for the heterodyne signal detection and processing (e.g. correlation) as well as for the transport, distribution and control of the local oscillator. We describe how high-repetition-rate frequency-swept sources and telecom components could be exploited to parallelize, at reasonable cost, a large number of coherent detectors to expand the spectral coverage. We also present a first laboratory single-channel proof of concept that achieves a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) probably sufficient for observing the brightest stars in the H band with telescopes of ~1 m2 at short integration time (<100 ms).
