囚禁离子光学量子位中的量子语境性与无纠缠Grover搜索
Quantum Contextuality and Entanglement-Free Grover Search in a Trapped-Ion Optical Qudit
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究在囚禁$^{138}\text{Ba}^+$离子的四维光学量子位平台上，实现无纠缠Grover搜索与CHSH型语境性测量，建立了研究量子资源关系的通用架构，为高维量子技术提供可扩展路径。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
量子计算优势通常归因于相干干涉及其他非经典资源，但在固有存在多体纠缠的实验平台中，这些资源的各自作用难以区分。高维量子系统为研究这些资源提供了诱人途径，同时可降低量子信息处理的硬件开销。本研究在单个囚禁的$^{138}\text{Ba}^+$离子中实现了可编程四维光学量子位，并通过相位可编程光学旋转演示了通用相干控制。利用该平台，我们实现了Grover量子搜索算法的无纠缠实现，达到的目标态识别概率最高为$94.5\boldsymbol{\times}2.0\%$。在同一处理器中，我们还通过克劳泽-霍恩-希米尼-霍尔特（CHSH）型非语境性不等式演示了依赖态的量子语境性，获得的最大违背值为$S = 2.816 \boldsymbol{\times} 0.082$，与 Tsirelson 边界高度吻合。通过在单个多能级囚禁离子平台中集成可编程量子计算与语境性测量，本研究建立了用于研究量子信息处理中相干干涉与语境性关系的通用架构，并为高维量子技术提供了可扩展途径。
英文摘要
Quantum computational advantage is generally attributed to coherent interference and other non-classical resources, yet their respective roles remain difficult to disentangle in experimental platforms where multipartite entanglement is inherently present. High-dimensional quantum systems provide an attractive route for investigating these resources while simultaneously reducing hardware overhead for quantum information processing. Here we realize a programmable four-dimensional optical qudit encoded in a single trapped $^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}$ ion and demonstrate universal coherent control through phase-programmable optical rotations. Using this platform, we implement an entanglement-free realization of Grover's quantum search algorithm, achieving target-state identification probabilities of up to $94.5\pm2.0\%$. Within the same processor, we further demonstrate state-dependent quantum contextuality through a Clauser--Horne--Shimony--Holt (CHSH)-type noncontextuality inequality, obtaining a maximum violation of $S = 2.816 \pm 0.082$, in close agreement with the Tsirelson bound. By integrating programmable quantum computation and contextuality measurements within a single multilevel trapped-ion platform, our work establishes a versatile architecture for investigating the relationship between coherent interference and contextuality in quantum information processing and provides a scalable route toward high-dimensional quantum technologies.
