AI 中文总结
该研究展示了一种光纤集成分组级量子网络缓冲器，基于超低损耗掺铒光纤相位调制器，实现最长47μs的量子比特有效载荷稳定存储，可集成到现有电信基础设施中，为量子互联网部署提供实用方案。
AI 中文摘要
分组交换量子网络需要能够延迟量子比特有效载荷，同时实时读出路由信息的缓冲器。此前的方法尚未提供与电信基础设施兼容的全光纤集成架构中的该功能。在此，我们展示了一种基于循环回路和光纤存储线路的光纤集成缓冲器，其中偏振编码量子比特有效载荷的存储时间由附加分组头的读出决定。这一成就背后的关键组件是超低损耗掺铒光纤相位调制器，它能直接在光纤中提供快速、偏振不敏感的切换，允许在缓冲器内处理分组头和有效载荷。我们演示了偏振编码量子比特有效载荷的存储与检索，存储时间最长达47μs，平均量子比特错误率为1.8%，并实现了数小时的稳定运行。这些结果确立了一种实用的基于光纤的分组级量子网络缓冲架构，可轻松集成到当前电信基础设施中，为量子互联网的部署开辟了新途径。
英文摘要
Packet-switched quantum networks require buffers that can delay qubit payloads while routing information is read out in real time. Previous approaches have not provided this functionality in a fully fibre-integrated architecture compatible with telecom infrastructure. Here we demonstrate an optical-fibre-integrated buffer, based on a recirculating loop and a fibre storage line, in which the storage time of a polarisation-encoded qubit payload is determined by readout of an attached packet header. The key component behind this achievement is an ultra-low-loss poled fibre phase modulator, which provides fast, polarisation-insensitive switching directly in fibre and allows header and payload to be processed within the buffer. We demonstrate storage and retrieval of polarisation-encoded qubit payloads for storage times up to 47 $μ$s, with an average quantum bit error rate of 1.8% together with stable operation over several hours. These results establish a practical fibre-based architecture for packet-level quantum network buffering that can easily integrate into the current telecommunication infrastructure opening up new paths for deployment of the quantum internet.
Comments11 pages, 8 figures. Please see the parallel paper "Poled-fibre phase modulator for efficient high-dimensional quantum measurements'' that was submitted today to the arXiv
