AI 中文总结
本研究提出利用超级神冈探测器的可移动中间水切伦科夫探测器，通过多off-axis位置测量，以中微子非标准相互作用为基准，实现对不同类型中微子非标准相互作用的高灵敏度探测，为区分能量依赖不同的相互作用提供新途径。
AI 中文摘要
将探测器移动通过具有空间变化能谱的中微子束，可使同一靶标和装置接收到不同的入射能谱，从而实现相互作用谱学研究。尽管提出可移动中微子探测器的初衷主要是控制系统不确定性，但我们表明探测器运动还能用于探测基本相互作用的结构。我们以J-PARC off-axis束流中超级神冈探测器（Hyper-Kamiokande）的可移动探测器——中间水切伦科夫探测器（Intermediate Water Cherenkov Detector, IWCD）为例，以中微子非标准相互作用（non-standard interactions, NSI）为基准开展研究。利用中性流与带电流事例率的比值可降低常见的归一化不确定性，而在多个off-axis位置的测量能够打破单一入射能谱下持续存在的简并性。结合三个off-axis位置并采用5%的相关归一化不确定性基准，我们预测对轴向中性流NSI的95%置信水平（CL）灵敏度为-0.07 ≤ ε^uA_μμ ≤ 0.06，对矢量NSI的灵敏度为-0.10 ≤ ε^uV_μμ ≤ 0.12，对带电流NSI的灵敏度为-0.05 ≤ ε^udL_μμ ≤ 0.05。轴向NSI不贡献于普通物质势，可与中微子振荡及高能散射测量形成互补。更广泛而言，探测器运动为区分具有不同能量依赖的相互作用提供了新方法。
英文摘要
Moving a detector through a beam with a spatially varying energy spectrum exposes the same target and apparatus to distinct incident spectra, enabling interaction spectroscopy. While movable neutrino detectors were put forth primarily to control systematic uncertainties, we show that detector motion enables probing the structure of fundamental interactions. We demonstrate this with the Intermediate Water Cherenkov Detector (IWCD), the movable detector of Hyper-Kamiokande in the J-PARC off-axis beam, considering neutrino non-standard interactions (NSI) as a benchmark. Exploiting ratios of neutral current to charged current event rates reduces common normalization uncertainties, while measurements at multiple off-axis positions can break degeneracies that persist for a single incident spectrum. Combining three off-axis positions and adopting a $5\%$ correlated normalization uncertainty benchmark, we project $95\%$ CL sensitivities to axial neutral current NSI of $-0.07 \lesssim \varepsilon^{uA}_{μμ} \lesssim 0.06$ and vector NSI of $-0.10 \lesssim \varepsilon^{uV}_{μμ} \lesssim 0.12$, as well as for charged current NSI of $-0.05 \lesssim \varepsilon^{udL}_{μμ} \lesssim 0.05$. Axial NSI, which do not contribute to the ordinary matter potential, are complementary to neutrino oscillation and high energy scattering measurements. More broadly, detector motion provides a new way to distinguish interactions with different energy dependence.
Comments17 pages, 9 figures
