AI 中文总结
本文对任意环引入子Martindale商环，半素环的极大子Martindale商环为已知的Martindale商环，还引入了类似Martindale对称商环的其他商环。
AI 中文摘要
本文对任意环引入了一种类Martindale的商环，称为子Martindale商环。当基础环是半素环时，其极大子Martindale商环就是著名的Martindale商环。类似地，我们还对任意环引入了一些与Martindale对称商环类似的商环。
英文摘要
In this paper we introduce a Martindale-like ring of quotients for any ring called sub-Martindale ring of quotients. When the base ring is semiprime, its maximal sub-Martindale ring of quotients is just the well-known Martindale ring of quotients. In a similar fashion we introduce some rings of quotients for any ring similar to Martindale symmetric ring of quotients.
