AI 中文总结
本研究通过接触带电电泳驱动的自维持振子实验，揭示无运动能力振子间的正密度-活性耦合可形成活性气体，并实现对其结晶的精确控制，拓展了活性物质集体特性的来源。
AI 中文摘要
运动诱导的相分离发生在自驱动单元的集合中，此时活性与密度呈负耦合。相比之下，密度与活性之间正耦合对活性物质集体行为的影响仍未被探索。本文中，我们表明集体活动可从无运动能力的构建块之间的这种正耦合中产生。我们利用接触带电电泳驱动的自维持振子进行实验，尽管这些振子设计上无运动能力，但当被限制在一起时会自发形成活性气体。碰撞的超弹性质构成了正的密度-活性耦合，是活性气体特性的基础。阐明二元碰撞的起源使我们能够精确控制活性气体的结构及其最终的结晶过程。除了考虑被忽视的密度与活性之间的正耦合外，本研究表明丰富的集体特性不仅可从活性构建块之间相互作用的对称性中产生，还可从它们的适应性和响应性行为中产生。
英文摘要
Motility-induced phase separation occurs in assemblies of self-propelled units when activity is coupled negatively to density. In contrast, the consequences of a positive coupling between density and activity on the collective behaviour of active matter remain unexplored. Here, we show that collective activity can emerge from such a positive coupling among non-motile building blocks. We perform experiments with self-sustained oscillators powered by contact-charge electrophoresis. Although the oscillators are non-motile by design, they spontaneously form an active gas when confined together. The super-elastic nature of collisions constitutes a positive density-activity coupling and underlies the active gas properties. Elucidating the origin of binary collisions allows us to precisely control the structure of the active gas and its eventual crystallization. Beyond considering the overlooked positive coupling between density and activity, our work suggests that rich collective properties can emerge not only from the symmetry of interactions between active building blocks, but also from their adaptable and responsive behaviour.
Journal refNature Physics 21, 1412-1419 (2025)
DOI：10.1038/s41567-025-02957-y
