AI 中文总结
该研究针对黏着斑在黏弹性基底上的主动润湿/去润湿问题，构建双时间尺度物理框架，揭示类共振机制与Piezo1钙信号的调控作用，为关联黏弹性与黏附动力学提供理论基础。
AI 中文摘要
细胞与黏弹性基底的黏附由黏着斑（FAs）介导，黏着斑可将肌动球蛋白收缩力动态耦合至细胞外基质。尽管已知基底应力松弛会调控黏附稳定性与细胞迁移，但仍缺乏将黏弹性与力传递及黏附动力学关联起来的可预测物理框架。本文简要综述了黏着斑在黏弹性基底上主动润湿与去润湿的现有认知，并整合现有实验与理论工作，构建了一个双时间尺度物理框架以描述所报道的现象。在短时间尺度上，肌动球蛋白驱动的振荡位移通过分子离合器传递，形成与频率相关的基底能量传递；研究表明，该传递在由弹性能量存储与黏性耗散平衡所确定的最优频率下达到最大化，建立了一种类共振机制，可同时选择有效黏着斑刚度与牵引力振幅。在更长时间尺度上，该力学最优状态通过有效表面张力与黏附重塑耦合，使黏着斑的生长与解离可被解释为主动润湿与去润湿过程。该模型预测，黏附稳定性与稳态尺寸由基底刚度、黏弹性时间尺度以及Piezo1依赖性钙信号介导的机械敏感反馈所控制。
英文摘要
Cell adhesion to viscoelastic substrates is mediated by focal adhesions (FAs), which dynamically couple actomyosin contractility to the extracellular matrix. Although substrate stress relaxation is known to regulate adhesion stability and cell migration, a predictive physical framework linking viscoelasticity to force transmission and adhesion dynamics remains lacking. Here we review briefly what is known about the active wetting and de-wetting of FAs on viscoelastic substrates and synthesize existing experimental and theoretical work into a two-timescale physical framework to describe the phenomena reported. At short timescales, oscillatory actomyosin-driven displacements are transmitted through molecular clutches, leading to frequency-dependent energy transfer to the substrate. We show that this transfer is maximized at an optimal frequency set by a balance between elastic energy storage and viscous dissipation, establishing a resonance-like mechanism that selects both the effective FA stiffness and traction force amplitude. At longer timescales, this mechanically optimal state couples to adhesion remodelling through an effective surface tension, enabling FA growth and disassembly to be interpreted as active wetting and de-wetting processes. The model predicts that adhesion stability and steady-state size are controlled by substrate stiffness and viscoelastic timescales, as well as mechanosensitive feedback mediated by Piezo1-dependent calcium signalling.
Comments25 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Journal refAdvances in Colloid and Interface Sciences, 357: 104006
