绩效评估促进空间公共物品博弈中的合作
Performance appraisal promotes cooperation in spatial public goods games
AI总结：
该研究提出基于绩效评估的空间公共物品博弈模型，通过将收益分为平均分配与绩效加权两部分，经模拟证实绩效评估可显著促进合作行为，为缓解社会困境提供了新路径。
AI中文摘要：
在现实组织中，绩效评估是评估员工工作成果与行为的重要手段，绩效薪酬则将薪酬与评估结果直接挂钩。然而，在传统空间公共物品博弈中，群体的总收益在所有参与者间平均分配，未考虑个体贡献的差异，这种方法忽略了个体努力的异质性。为克服这一局限，我们提出一种基于绩效评估的空间公共物品博弈模型，其中个体收益分为两部分：平均分配部分与绩效加权部分。具体而言，每个个体从相邻群体获得评分，个体声誉通过累积这些评分动态更新，这进一步在策略模仿过程中调节适应度函数。大量数值模拟结果表明，绩效评估机制显著促进了合作行为的出现。声誉强化机制通过为高声誉个体创造适应度优势，放大了这一积极效果。这些发现表明，将绩效评估纳入收益分配有助于缓解社会困境并促进集体合作。
英文摘要：
In real organizations, performance appraisal serves as an important means of evaluating employees' work outcomes and behaviors, while performance pay directly links compensation to the evaluation results. However, in traditional spatial public goods games, the total payoff of a group is equally distributed among all participants without considering individual differences in contributions, an approach that ignores the heterogeneity of individual efforts. To overcome this limitation, we propose a spatial public goods game model based on performance appraisal, in which individual payoffs are divided into two parts: an equally distributed component and a performance-weighted component. Specifically, each individual receives scores from its neighboring groups, and the individual's reputation is dynamically updated by accumulating these scores, which further modulates the fitness function during strategy imitation. Extensive numerical simulation results demonstrate that the performance appraisal mechanism significantly promotes the emergence of cooperative behavior. The reputation reinforcement mechanism amplifies this positive effect by creating fitness advantages for high-reputation individuals. These findings suggest that incorporating performance appraisal into payoff allocation helps mitigate social dilemmas and promote collective cooperation.
