AI 中文总结
该研究分析了西班牙大加那利岛拉斯帕尔马斯及其周边27座历史教堂的朝向，发现多数教堂朝向处于太阳范围，后殿多朝正东偏北，或与复活节日出相关，为后续研究该岛其余教堂提供了基础。
AI 中文摘要
我们呈现了对位于西班牙大加那利岛首府拉斯帕尔马斯市及其周边的殖民时期基督教教堂精确空间朝向分析的初步结果。我们的样本包含27座教堂，其中15座属于拉斯帕尔马斯市区，其余教堂位于内陆约12公里范围内。这些教堂大多建于卡斯蒂利亚征服该岛后的最初几十年至19世纪末。在分析中，我们研究这些教堂的朝向是否对应历法巧合、是否符合主要地貌特征，或是否遵循教堂后殿朝向东的标准传统。我们发现样本中没有教堂朝向主保圣人节日当天太阳升起的地平线方向；此外，整体朝向模式与该岛地形之间无关联，尽管在当地显著的吉尼瓜达峡谷附近，地形可能是教堂建造时的重要影响因素。我们确实发现，大多数教堂的朝向处于太阳范围内，主要朝东，也有少数历史教堂朝西，不到20%的教堂的天文赤纬超出该范围。在统计分析中，样本的赤纬直方图显示，教堂后殿始终指向正东偏北的模式，这可能表明这些建筑朝向接近复活节当天的日出方向。我们简要讨论了这些发现对未来研究大加那利岛其余数十座散布在该岛山谷、山坡和火山口的历史教堂的意义。
英文摘要
We present preliminary results of the analysis of the precise spatial orientation of colonial Christian churches located in the city of Las Palmas, capital of the island of Gran Canaria (Spain), and its surroundings. Our sample consists of 27 churches, 15 of which belong to the city proper while the rest are situated within roughly 12 km away inland. Most of these churches were constructed between the first decades after the Castilian conquest of the island, and the end of the 19th century. In our analysis we examine whether these orientations respond to calendrical coincidences, to the main features of the landscape, or whether the standard tradition was followed regarding the orientation of the churches' apses eastwards. We find that no church in the sample is oriented towards points of the horizon on which the Sun rises on the day of the patronal feasts. Furthermore, we find no correlation between the global orientation pattern and the orography of the island which, near the local prominent Guiniguada ravine, could have been an important factor at the time of the construction of the churches. What we do find is that most of the orientations fit within the solar range, mainly to the east but also with a few historic churches oriented towards the west, while less than 20% have astronomical declinations outside of this range. In the statistical analysis, the declination histogram for the sample shows a pattern where the apses of the churches point consistently to the north of due east. This might signal constructions that were oriented to the rising Sun on dates close to Easter. We briefly discuss the implications these findings may have for a future study of the rest of Gran Canaria, which includes several dozens of historic churches scattered throughout the valleys, slopes, and volcanic calderas of the island.
CommentsTo be published in Between ancient and modern Astronomy, S. Iwaniszewski et al. (eds.), Warsaw: Warsaw University, 2026
