AI 中文总结
本研究针对中性原子量子计算机能耗、运行时间与保真度关系不明的问题，提出PaQit框架，结合硬件模型与调度优化三者，经仿真与实际硬件验证，预测与实际行为高度吻合。
AI 中文摘要
中性原子量子计算机因具备全光控制、室温运行及灵活晶格几何结构，成为可扩展的大规模量子计算平台。尽管该系统的能耗特性已获广泛认可，但系统级能耗、运行时间与计算保真度之间的关系仍知之甚少，限制了实际调度决策。本研究构建了基于硬件的分析模型，捕捉中性原子系统中能耗与运行时间随量子比特利用率的缩放规律；提出PaQit（感知保真度的量子比特打包框架），将器件级里德伯相互作用物理与系统级调度相结合，协同优化能耗、运行时间与保真度，通过将保真度目标转化为打包决策，确定在满足相互作用驱动的串扰约束下最大化并行度的运行区间。我们通过对QuEra的模拟式Aquila系统、数字式Gemini系统的仿真及实际硬件执行验证了该分析框架，结果显示预测趋势与观测到的系统行为高度吻合。
英文摘要
Neutral-atom quantum computers provide a scalable platform for large-scale quantum computation due to their all-optical control, room-temperature operation, and flexible lattice geometry. Although the favorable energy characteristics of these systems are well recognized, the relationship between system-level energy consumption, runtime, and computational fidelity remains poorly understood, limiting practical scheduling decisions. In this work, we develop a hardware-grounded analytical model that captures how energy and runtime scale with qubit utilization in neutral-atom systems. We introduce PaQit, a fidelity-aware qubit packing framework that integrates device-level Rydberg interaction physics with system-level scheduling to jointly optimize energy, runtime, and fidelity. By translating fidelity targets into packing decisions, PaQit identifies operating regimes that maximize parallelism while respecting interaction-driven crosstalk constraints. We validate the analytical framework using simulations of QuEra's analog Aquila system and digital Gemini system, as well as real hardware executions, demonstrating close agreement between the predicted trends and observed system behavior.
