来自双星轨道的辐射引力子、标量和暗光子的角动量测定
Determination of the Angular Momentum of Radiated Gravitons, Scalars, and Dark Photons from Binary Orbits
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究采用场论方法计算致密双星通过引力波、标量场和矢量场的辐射能量与角动量，明确不同辐射量子的角动量取值，证明可通过轨道参数演化确定辐射量，同时指出角动量无法规范不变分解为自旋与轨道分量。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们采用场论方法，计算了致密双星通过引力波、标量场和矢量场辐射的能量与角动量。我们发现，每个发射出的引力子带走的角动量满足$\boldsymbol{\frac{\boldsymbol{\textit{J}}}{\boldsymbol{\frac{\textit{N}}{}}}\boldsymbol{\thickapprox}2\bar{h}}$，该结论不仅适用于椭圆轨道（Page [arXiv:2409.00305] 已指出这一点），也适用于双曲线轨道。我们将分析拓展至标量辐射和矢量辐射，发现这两类辐射中，每个发射出的辐射量子携带的角动量约为$\bar{h}$，即$\frac{\textit{J}}{\frac{\textit{N}}{}}\thickapprox\bar{h}$。我们证明，双星系统的辐射能量和角动量可通过准开普勒轨道的轨道角频率和偏心率的演化来确定。不过，无法将发射粒子携带的角动量规范不变地分解为自旋分量和轨道分量。
英文摘要
We compute the energy and angular momentum radiated by compact binaries through gravitational waves, scalar and vector fields, using the field-theoretic approach. We observe that each emitted graviton carries away an angular momentum of $\dot{J}/\dot {N}\simeq 2\hbar$, not only for elliptical orbits (as has already been pointed out by Page [arXiv:2409.00305]) but also for hyperbolic orbits. We extend the analysis to scalar and vector radiation and find that the angular momentum carried by each emitted quantum of radiation is approximately $\hbar$, i.e., $\dot{J}/\dot{N}\simeq \hbar$ for both types of radiation. We demonstrate that the radiated energy and angular momentum of binary systems can be determined from the evolution of the orbital angular frequency and the eccentricity of the quasi-Kepler orbit. However, a gauge-invariant decomposition of the angular momentum carried by the emitted particles into the spin and orbital components is not possible.
