基于测量诱导冷却的压缩驱动量子奥托引擎：双量子比特量子拉比模型
Squeezing-Fueled Quantum Otto Engine via Measurement-Induced Cooling: The Two-Qubit Quantum Rabi Model
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究以双量子比特量子拉比模型构建量子奥托引擎，用腔模式投影测量实现冷却冲程，以腔压缩为量子燃料，提升了引擎功率与效率，为实验可实现的量子热引擎提供了新途径。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们研究了由双量子比特量子拉比模型构建的量子奥托引擎（QOE），其工作于腔量子电动力学（QED）架构内。该引擎以两个量子比特为工作物质，采用分层运动方程（HEOM）形式建模的单个非马尔可夫热热库。冷却冲程未采用传统冷热源，而是通过对作为辅助子系统的腔模式执行投影测量协议实现，该协议借助测量反作用有效模拟量子比特工作介质的冷热源。施加于腔模式的压缩驱动充当量子燃料。我们证明，腔压缩可系统性提升引擎的功率输出与运行效率——从热热库抽取的每单位热量提取的功，使其超过标准量子奥托极限。在极限循环 regime 中，效率始终高于奥托边界，且从上方渐近收敛于该边界。这表明压缩是热力学优化的可控量子资源。我们的结果揭示，量子比特-腔耦合、测量诱导冷却与非平衡压缩的相互作用，形成了一种多资源热力学架构，其性能特性是传统双热源量子奥托引擎无法实现的，从而为腔 QED 平台中实验可实现的量子热引擎提供了具体途径。
英文摘要
We investigate a quantum Otto engine (QOE) constructed from the two-qubit quantum Rabi model, operating within a cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) architecture. The engine operates with two qubits as the working substance and a single non-Markovian hot thermal bath, modeled via the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) formalism. In place of a conventional cold thermal reservoir, the cooling stroke is realized through a projective measurement protocol on the cavity mode, which acts as an ancillary subsystem and effectively mimics a cold bath for the qubit working medium via measurement back-action. A squeezing drive applied to the cavity mode serves as a quantum fuel. We demonstrate that cavity squeezing systematically enhances both the power output and operational efficiency of the engine - the work extracted per unit of heat drawn from the hot bath-driving it above the standard quantum Otto limit. In the limit-cycle regime, the efficiency, while remaining above the Otto bound throughout, asymptotically converges to it from above. This identifies squeezing as a controllable quantum resource for thermodynamic optimization. Our results reveal that the interplay between qubit-cavity coupling, measurement-induced cooling, and non-equilibrium squeezing gives rise to a multi-resource thermodynamic architecture with performance characteristics inaccessible to conventional two-bath quantum Otto engines, thereby providing a concrete route toward experimentally realizable quantum heat engines in cavity QED platforms.
