发表机构
University of Freiburg（弗莱堡大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究通过对美、墨、智298名护理人员的混合方法分析，明确护理机器人在后勤等体力任务接受度高，各国对其伦理关切既有共性也有差异，为护理机器人的负责任设计提供了社会认知视角。
AI 中文摘要
护理机器人正越来越多地被引入医疗环境，引发了关于其接受度和伦理实施的重要问题。为更好地理解这些挑战，本研究调查了护理人员对四类护理机器人的看法：物品递送、协助患者上床、生命体征监测以及行动辅助。我们开展了一项混合方法研究，采用混合因子设计，来自美国、墨西哥和智利的298名护理人员对所有四类机器人类别进行了评估。定量测量整合了《技术接受与使用统一理论》、《认知-情感-规范模型》的构念以及总体接受度评分。定性数据通过开放式问题收集，并使用基于文献的伦理框架进行分析。结果表明，各国参与者总体上对护理机器人评价积极，尤其是在后勤和体力要求高的任务方面，而非那些需要密集人际互动的任务。定性发现进一步深入了解了利益相关者对护理机器人使用伦理影响的看法。参与者强调了潜在益处，如减少工作量、降低风险和提高患者自主权，同时也表达了对可靠性、人类监督的必要性以及潜在工作岗位流失的担忧。尽管各国存在许多共同的伦理关切，但参与者在如何解释和优先考虑这些关切方面存在差异。这些发现推进了对护理机器人负责任设计和实施的情境敏感且符合社会认知的理解。
英文摘要
Care robots are increasingly being introduced into healthcare settings, raising important questions about their acceptance and ethical implementation. To better understand these challenges, this study investigates caregivers' perceptions of four categories of care robots: delivering supplies, helping patients into bed, monitoring vital signs, and assisting with mobility. We conducted a mixed-methods study employing a mixed-factorial design in which 298 caregivers from the United States, Mexico, and Chile evaluated all four robot categories. Quantitative measures integrated constructs from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, the Cognitive-Affective-Normative model, and overall acceptance ratings. Qualitative data were collected through open-ended questions and analyzed using a literature-informed ethical framework. The results indicate that participants across countries generally evaluated care robots positively, particularly for logistical and physically demanding tasks rather than those requiring intensive interpersonal interaction. The qualitative findings provide further insight into stakeholders' views of the ethical implications of care robot use. Participants emphasized potential benefits such as reduced workload, lower risk, and greater patient autonomy, while also expressing concerns about dependability, the need for human oversight, and potential job displacement. Although many ethical concerns were shared across countries, participants differed in how they interpreted and prioritized them. These findings advance a context-sensitive and socially informed understanding of responsible design and implementation of care robots.
