Pollux紫外与远紫外偏振仪：首批实验室结果
Pollux UV & FUV polarimeters: first lab results
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中文总结 AI 辅助
欧洲团队为HWO研制的Pollux紫外与远紫外偏振仪，经专用测试台完成首批实验室验证，为其偏振精度表征及技术就绪水平提升奠定了基础。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
Pollux是欧洲联盟为宜居世界天文台（HWO）提出的高分辨率光谱偏振仪，其设计覆盖从远紫外（FUV）到近红外的宽光谱范围（97-1750 nm）；其中中紫外至近紫外（MUV-NUV）波段的偏振通道依赖MgF2双折射光学元件，远紫外波段则采用创新型全反射偏振仪（因该波段无可用双折射材料）。为验证这些偏振仪所需的10⁻³级偏振精度，研究团队开发了专用真空紫外测试台，包含两种配置：对应MUV-NUV波段的120-290 nm配置，以及对应FUV波段的98-120 nm配置。本文呈现该测试台的首批实验室结果：在MUV-NUV配置中，完整光学链已集成，获取了氘灯的首条偏振光谱，偏振产生子系统经穆勒矩阵预测验证，还完成了首项端到端偏振测量；在FUV配置中，已对无窗氘等离子体源进行表征，实现了K镜调制器的对准策略，且基于反射镜的检偏器已制造并测试，在120 nm处表现出10的偏振消光比。这些结果证明了测试台的运行可行性，为后续Pollux偏振仪的偏振精度表征奠定了基础，提升了适用于HWO的紫外光谱偏振测量技术的技术就绪水平。
英文摘要
Pollux is a high-resolution spectropolarimeter proposed by a European consortium for the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). Its design covers a broad spectral range from the far-ultraviolet (FUV) to the near-infrared (97-1\,750 nm), with polarimetric channels relying on \ch{MgF2} birefringent optics in the mid- and near-UV (MUV-NUV), and on an innovative all-reflective polarimeter in the FUV, where no birefringent material is available. To validate these polarimeters, whose required polarimetric precision is $10^{-3}$, a dedicated vacuum ultraviolet test bench has been developed, with two configurations: one for the MUV-NUV range (120-290 nm) and one for the FUV range (98-120 nm). We present the first laboratory results obtained with this bench. On the MUV-NUV configuration, the full optical chain has been integrated: a first polarised spectrum of the deuterium lamp was acquired, the polarisation generation subsystem was validated against Mueller matrix predictions, and a first end-to-end polarimetric measurement was performed. On the FUV configuration, the windowless deuterium plasma source has been characterised, the alignment strategy of the K-mirror modulator has been implemented, and the mirror-based analyser has been manufactured and tested, showing a polarisation extinction ratio of 10 at 120 nm. These results demonstrate the operation of the bench and pave the way for the characterisation of the polarimetric precision of the Pollux polarimeters, increasing the Technology Readiness Level of UV spectropolarimetry for HWO.
