AI 中文总结
该研究基于非对称阻塞里德伯阵列，用强化学习优化脉冲设计，构建六原子球形构型，实现高灵敏度、高可靠的三维里德伯电场传感，趋近海森堡极限。
AI 中文摘要
我们提出了一种基于非对称阻塞效应的强化学习优化里德伯静电计，在里德伯阵列中实现了高灵敏度电场传感。微波修饰诱导非对称阻塞以抑制目标原子间的相互作用，同时保持中心控制原子与目标原子间的耦合在Förster共振附近可通过电场调谐。电场调控的阻塞半径影响可探测的原子布居信号，从而通过态选择读出实现电场传感。在平面原子阵列中，经典费舍尔信息随原子数呈近二次缩放，趋近海森堡极限。与单个π脉冲相比，强化学习设计的复合脉冲可将量子费舍尔信息提升达一个数量级。我们进一步构建了用于矢量静电测量的紧凑六原子球形构型，其中电场方向可通过校准的轴向布居提取，弱偏置场可消除偶极-偶极相互作用导致的符号和魔角歧义。针对拉比频率偏差、位置误差、目标间残余耦合及投影噪声的数值测试表明，该方案具有可靠性。本研究为实现高精度三维里德伯电场传感提供了实验可行的方法。
英文摘要
We present a reinforcement learning-optimized Rydberg electrometer based on the asymmetric blockade effect and achieve high-sensitivity electric field sensing in Rydberg arrays. Microwave dressing induces asymmetric blockade to suppress interactions between target atoms, while keeping the coupling between the central control atom and target atoms field-tunable near Förster resonance. The field-regulated blockade radius affects the detectable atomic population signals, thereby enabling electric field sensing via state-selective readout. In planar atomic arrays, classical Fisher information exhibits near-quadratic scaling with atom number and approaches the Heisenberg limit. Reinforcement learning-designed composite pulses greatly enhance quantum Fisher information by up to one order of magnitude compared with single $π$ pulses. We further establish a compact six-atom spherical configuration for vector electrometry, in which field orientation is extracted from calibrated axial populations, and weak bias fields eliminate dipole-dipole-induced sign and magic-angle ambiguities. Numerical tests against Rabi frequency deviation, positional error, residual inter-target coupling and projection noise demonstrate the reliability of this scheme. This work provides an experimentally viable approach to realize high-precision three-dimensional Rydberg electric field sensing.
