AI 中文总结
本文针对任意形状电子波包建立非线性康普顿散射解析理论，揭示电子波包横向傅里叶结构是调控光子轨道角动量的基本自由度，实现了光子OAM分布的确定性工程调控。
AI 中文摘要
非线性康普顿散射产生的光子轨道角动量（OAM）作为产生涡旋γ射线源的途径已引起广泛关注。现有理论主要通过涉及结构化入射粒子和激光场的角动量转移来描述光子OAM，而电子波包的作用仍未被探索。本文针对任意形状的电子波包，建立了非线性康普顿散射的一般解析理论，并证明横向电子波包的傅里叶谱通过广义角动量选择规则直接决定发射光子的OAM谱。该理论将高斯波包、涡旋电子及任意形状的电子态统一在同一框架中，揭示电子波包的横向傅里叶结构是决定光子轨道角动量的基本自由度，可实现光子OAM分布的确定性调控。
英文摘要
Photon orbital angular momentum (OAM) generated in nonlinear Compton scattering has attracted considerable interest as a route toward vortex $γ$-ray sources. Existing theories describe photon OAM primarily through angular-momentum transfer involving structured incident particles and laser fields, while the role of electron-wavepacket has remained unexplored. Here, we develop a general analytical theory of nonlinear Compton scattering for arbitrarily shaped electron wave packets and demonstrate that the Fourier spectrum of the transverse electron wave packet directly determines the OAM spectrum of the emitted photons through a generalized angular-momentum selection rule. Our theory unifies Gaussian wave packets, vortex electrons, and arbitrarily shaped electron states within a single framework, revealing the transverse Fourier structure of electron wave packets as a fundamental degree of freedom governing photon orbital angular momentum and enabling deterministic engineering of photon OAM distributions.
