AI 中文总结
本研究利用p-p费米子关联作为短距离分辨探针，通过O+O碰撞区分不同核结构描述，其双比率可凸显短程关联效应，是流观测量的补充。
AI 中文摘要
核子-核子短程关联是原子核多体波函数的核心特征，但它在单粒子密度中不可见，因此无法通过测量原子核大小的观测量获取。本文证明，质子-质子（p-p）费米子关联提供了缺失的亚飞米级灵敏度。在质心系能量√s_NN=200 GeV的¹⁶O+¹⁶O碰撞中，我们对比了三种核结构输入：平均场、低分辨率团簇和短程关联描述。p-p关联函数可区分这三种输入，在边缘碰撞中区分度最高，其中从头算（ab initio）输入相比平均场基线使提取的源半径降低约5%。相同条件下，π⁺-π⁺关联的响应弱一个数量级，而C_pp/C_{π⁺π⁺}双比率保留了全部效应，这表明效应源于¹S₀对的短程权重，而非源的整体重标度。该信号经受住了主要理论系统误差（强相互作用势的选择），我们对此进行了量化。这些结果确定p-p费米子关联是轻核结构的短距离分辨探针，可作为仅约束初始几何低阶矩的流观测量的补充。
英文摘要
Short-range nucleon-nucleon correlations are a defining feature of the nuclear many-body wave function, yet they are invisible in the one-body density and therefore inaccessible to observables that measure a nuclear size. We show that proton-proton femtoscopy supplies the missing sub-femtometer sensitivity. In $^{16}$O+$^{16}$O collisions at $\rm \sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 200 GeV, we compare three nuclear-structure inputs spanning mean-field, low-resolution cluster, and short-range-correlated descriptions. The $p$-$p$ correlation function separates all three, most sharply in peripheral collisions, where the \textit{ab initio} input suppresses the extracted source radius by $\sim5\%$ relative to the mean-field baseline. Under identical conditions $π^{+}$-$π^{+}$ correlations respond an order of magnitude more weakly, and the $C_{pp}/C_{π^{+}π^{+}}$ double ratio retains the full effect, pointing to the short-distance weighting of the $^{1}S_{0}$ pair rather than to an overall rescaling of the source. The signal survives the leading theoretical systematic, the choice of strong-interaction potential, which we quantify explicitly. These results identify $p$-$p$ femtoscopy as a short-distance-resolved probe of light-nucleus structure, complementary to flow observables that constrain only the low-order moments of the initial geometry.
Comments8 Pages 2 Figures; Comments are welcome
