AI 中文总结
该研究针对晚期全局德西特时空中CDL瞬子隧穿的病态性，开发哈密顿描述与WKB分析，重现CDL隧穿速率，为解决Larfors–Johnson问题提供关键几何基础。
AI 中文摘要
人们普遍认为，Coleman–De Luccia（CDL）瞬子刻画了德西特多重宇宙中的隧穿跃迁。对其最朴素的解释是，利用解析延拓到空间三维球最小尺寸处的洛伦兹德西特时空。然而，人们真正需要的是这样一种几何：在旧父德西特的巨大空间球内形成一个新真空的小泡。即使对原始CDL解应用德西特等距变换，通常也无法实现这一点，尤其在引力主导 regime（即向上隧穿和具有重畴壁的跃迁）中会失效，这些情况仍存在病态性——整个多重宇宙处于每一次向上隧穿事件的因果未来。为解决该问题，我们开发了一种哈密顿描述，用于描述晚期德西特大空间球内小的离壳泡如何生长并最终成为壳，给出了对应的WKB分析，重现了CDL速率。我们解释，在哈密顿框架中，我们的隧穿过程与CDL隧穿过程由唯一一条壳上轨迹的两种不同解析延拓描述。我们的分析对Larfors–Johnson问题具有关键意义，该问题基于相关畴壁的不稳定性，对填充弦论通量景观的标准机制提出质疑。
英文摘要
It is widely believed that Coleman--De Luccia (CDL) instantons characterize tunneling transitions in a de Sitter multiverse. Their most naive interpretation uses analytic continuation to Lorentzian de Sitter at the minimal size of the spatial three-sphere. However, what one really wants is a geometry where a small bubble of new vacuum forms within the huge spatial sphere of an old parent de Sitter. Even by applying de Sitter isometries to the original CDL solutions, this cannot in general be achieved. In particular, it fails in the gravity-dominated regime, i.e. for up-tunneling and for transitions with heavy domain walls. These cases remain pathological in that the whole multiverse is in the causal future of every single up-tunneling event. To solve this problem, we develop a Hamiltonian description of how a small off-shell bubble grows and eventually goes on shell within the large spatial sphere of late-time de Sitter. We provide the corresponding WKB analysis, recovering the CDL rate. We explain that our tunneling process and that of CDL are described by two different analytic continuations of a unique on-shell trajectory in the Hamiltonian treatment. Our analysis has crucial implications for the Larfors--Johnson problem, which questions the standard mechanism for populating the string-theoretic flux landscape on the basis of an instability of the relevant domain walls.
Comments56 pages + appendix, 16 figures
