AI 中文总结
研究发现可压缩量子流体中中等粒子损失速率可增强瞬态涡旋聚簇，存在由线性粒子损失决定的动力学窗口使同号涡旋关联强于保守极限。
AI 中文摘要
涡旋聚簇通常与保守二维量子流体动力学相关，因此粒子损失被认为主要通过缩短涡旋关联发展的时间来限制聚簇。相反，本文表明粒子损失可增强瞬态涡旋聚簇，使其超过保守演化的水平。我们数值研究了初始时具有随机涡旋和反涡旋分布的自由衰减受限二维凝聚体，发现最大聚簇程度对粒子寿命呈现明显的非单调依赖关系。在中等粒子损失速率下，增强效果最强，此时损失诱导的背景稀疏与不可压缩动能弛豫发生在相当的时间尺度上。我们的结果确定了一个由线性粒子损失选择的有限动力学窗口，在此窗口内，受限可压缩量子流体发展出比保守极限更强的同号涡旋关联。
英文摘要
Vortex clustering is commonly associated with conservative two-dimensional quantum-fluid dynamics. Therefore, particle loss is mainly expected to limit clustering by shortening the time available for vortex correlations to develop. Here we show instead that particle loss can enhance transient vortex clustering beyond the conservative evolution. We numerically study freely decaying, confined two-dimensional condensates initialized with random distributions of vortices and antivortices, and find a pronounced nonmonotonic dependence of the maximum clustering on particle lifetime. The enhancement is strongest at intermediate particle-loss rates, where loss-induced background rarefaction and incompressible kinetic energy relaxation occur on comparable timescales. Our results identify a finite dynamical window, selected by linear particle loss, in which a confined compressible quantum fluid develops stronger same-sign vortex correlations than in the conservative limit.
Comments7 pages main doc., 7 pages supp. mat
