超高能τ轻子输运中的稀有过程
Rare processes in ultrahigh-energy tau-lepton transport
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究超高能τ轻子输运中的μ子对产生、Primakoff中性π介子产生等稀有过程，明确其能量损失贡献，指出双μ子产生对τ中微子搜寻的意义及事例识别方法。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在宇宙中微子天文台中，带电轻子输运是解释观测结果和重建中微子事例的关键输入。穿过物质的带电轻子会经历多种能量损失过程，如电子对产生和光核相互作用。本研究调查τ轻子输运中的多种稀有过程，主要关注μ子对产生过程τN→τμ⁺μ⁻N和Primakoff中性π介子产生过程τN→τπ⁰N。在EeV能量下，研究发现μ子对产生和Primakoffπ介子产生的能量损失贡献分别仅为电子对产生的0.6%和0.2%。不过，双μ子产生可能与水下及冰下切伦科夫望远镜中的τ中微子搜寻相关，EeVτ轻子在标准岩石中产生双μ子的相互作用长度仅为6km，这类事例可通过双μ子径迹的横向分离或τ轻子在探测器中衰变产生的“烤肉串”拓扑结构识别。
英文摘要
In cosmic neutrino observatories, charged-lepton transport is a key input for interpreting observables and reconstructing neutrino events. Charged leptons propagating through matter undergo several energy loss processes, such as electron pair production and photonuclear interaction. In this work, we investigate several rare processes in tau-lepton transport, focusing primarily on muon pair production, $τN \to τμ^+μ^- N$, and Primakoff neutral-pion production, $τN \to τπ^0 N$. At EeV energies, we find that the energy loss contributions from muon pair and Primakoff pion production are only $0.6\%$ and $0.2\%$, respectively, of that from electron pair production. Nevertheless, dimuon production may be relevant to tau neutrino searches in underwater and under-ice Cherenkov telescopes. The interaction length for dimuon emission by an EeV tau is only $6~{\rm km}$ in standard rock. Such events may be identified through the lateral separation of dimuon tracks or through a kebab topology if tau decays in the detector.
