电控制下硅基触发器量子比特阵列中两量子比特门的数值优化
Numerical Optimization of Two-Qubit Gates in Silicon Flip-Flop Qubit Arrays under Electrical Control
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究基于FlipFlopQSim框架，优化硅基触发器量子比特的两量子比特门，提出需协同设计脉冲控制等，为电控硅量子处理器可扩展性提供数值框架。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
硅基施主触发器量子比特结合了核自旋的长相干时间、快速全电控以及量子比特间长程偶极-偶极耦合，为实现可扩展、容错量子计算提供了有前景的路径。然而，在该平台中实现高保真度的纠缠操作仍具挑战：纠缠相互作用本征地与电子轨道动力学耦合，可能导致泄漏到非计算态和不必要的相位积累；此外，在多量子比特架构中，旁观量子比特产生的残余偶极耦合会扭曲有效相互作用环境。本研究采用数值模拟框架FlipFlopQSim，该框架可模拟相互作用触发器量子比特的自旋-轨道动力学，以从实际电控制脉冲中提取有效逻辑操作。我们利用Makhlin不变量绘制电控偶极-偶极相互作用产生的纠缠环境图，识别出与标准两量子比特门（如√iSWAP和iSWAP）局部等价的工作区域；随后优化物理可实现的电驱动Rz旋转的控制参数，以实施必要的局域校正并最大化复合门保真度。最后，我们将分析扩展到具有不同几何结构和连接模式的多量子比特寄存器，评估旁观量子比特诱导的扭曲。结果表明，高保真纠缠操作无法单独优化，而需采用协同设计方法，同时优化脉冲控制、局域相位补偿和物理器件几何结构。本研究为评估电控硅基量子处理器的可扩展性提供了可靠的数值框架，并概述了实现稳健多量子比特门的关键设计原则。
英文摘要
Silicon-based donor flip-flop qubits offer a promising path toward scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computing by combining the long coherence times of nuclear spins with fast, fully electrical control and long-range dipole-dipole coupling between qubits. However, realizing high-fidelity entangling operations in this platform remains challenging. The entangling interaction is intrinsically coupled to electron orbital dynamics, which can lead to leakage into non-computational states and unwanted phase accumulation. Furthermore, in multi-qubit architectures, residual dipolar couplings from spectator qubits distort the effective interaction landscape. In this work, we employ a numerical simulation framework, FlipFlopQSim, that models the spin-orbital dynamics of interacting flip-flop qubits to extract effective logical operations from realistic electrical control pulses. Using Makhlin invariants, we map the entangling landscape generated by electrically controlled dipole-dipole interactions and identify operating regions locally equivalent to canonical two-qubit gates, such as $\sqrt{iSWAP}$ and $iSWAP$. We then optimize the control parameters of physically realizable, electrically driven $R_z$ rotations to implement the necessary local corrections and maximize composite gate fidelity. Finally, we scale our analysis to multi-qubit registers with various geometries and connectivity patterns to evaluate spectator-induced distortions. Our results demonstrate that high-fidelity entangling operations cannot be optimized in isolation; rather, they require a co-design approach that simultaneously optimizes pulse control, local phase compensation, and physical device geometry. This work provides a robust numerical framework for assessing the scalability of electrically controlled silicon quantum processors and outlines key design principles for robust multi-qubit gate implementation.
