AI 中文总结
该研究计算S-折叠理论中两类线算子的超共形指标，分析巨引力子等修正，与对应理论的指标对比验证一致性，为k≥3情形构造五膜结BPS构型并推导大N极限指标。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究S-折叠理论中存在线算子时的超共形指标，在AdS₅×S⁵/ℤₖ中考虑分别由基本弦和五膜实现的两类线。对于基本线，我们分析包含巨引力子构型产生的有限N修正的对应指标；当k=2时，我们将全息结果与正交规范群的𝒩=4超杨-米尔斯理论中的线算子指标进行比较；当k=3、4和6时，我们聚焦于秩2情形，其中超对称增强为𝒩=4，并将其与对应的Wilson-'t Hooft线算子指标进行比较，两种情形下发现纳入巨引力子贡献后一致性得到提升。对于由五膜实现的线算子，在确认k=2时的一致性后，我们利用五膜结明确构造k≥3时的BPS构型，并通过五膜结上的模式分析推导大N极限下的指标。
英文摘要
We study superconformal indices in the presence of line operators in S-fold theories. We consider two types of lines, realized by fundamental strings and fivebranes, respectively, in AdS$_5 \times S^5/\mathbb{Z}_k$. For fundamental lines, we analyze the corresponding indices including finite-$N$ corrections arising from giant graviton configurations. For $k=2$, we compare the holographic results with line operator indices in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theories with orthogonal gauge groups. For $k=3,4$ and $6$, we focus on the rank $2$ case, in which the supersymmetry is enhanced to ${\cal N}=4$, and compare them with the corresponding Wilson-'t Hooft line operator indices. In both cases, we find improved agreement once giant graviton contributions are included. For line operators realized by fivebranes, after confirming agreement for $k=2$, we construct BPS configurations for $k\geq 3$ explicitly using fivebrane junctions and derive the indices in the large $N$ limit by the mode analysis on the fivebrane junctions.
Comments51 pages, 6 figures, v2: typos corrected
