主权认知数字孪生：融合6G感知通信一体化（ISAC）、AI-RAN与零信任边缘网格，服务全球南方国家的韧性建设
Sovereign Cognitive Digital Twins: Fusing 6G ISAC, AI-RAN, and Zero-Trust Edge Grids for National Resilience in the Global South
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中文总结 AI 辅助
针对小岛屿发展中国家灾害感知不足问题，本文提出融合6G ISAC、AI-RAN与零信任边缘网格的主权认知数字孪生架构，通过射线追踪模拟验证信道特性，以巴巴多斯为参考案例服务国家韧性建设。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
小岛屿发展中国家正面临加速上升的海平面、强度提升的气旋及风暴潮威胁，同时受限于稀疏的地面监测设施，难以实现及时的灾害感知。本文主张将被动蜂窝连接模式转变为“网络即传感器”模式，通过主权认知数字孪生（Sovereign Cognitive Digital Twin, S-CDT）实现，这是一种联邦式国家数字孪生，其感知载体为6G无线电接口本身。一个国家无需使用独立的感知系统，可将自身网络的感知通信一体化（Integrated Sensing and Communication, ISAC）波形复用为分布式雷达网格。本文定义了六层S-CDT架构，其中ISAC打破了动态数据层与通信层的边界；将物理层映射到ETSI GR ISC 001与3GPP Release 19感知框架；并设计了信念状态控制环路，即扩展卡尔曼滤波器（Extended Kalman Filter）输入近端策略优化（Proximal Policy Optimization）智能体，用于吸收O-RAN遥测延迟，该环路已完成定义但未在此处评估。除参考架构外，本文在巴巴多斯牛顿种植园遗产区2平方公里研究区域上实现了仅使用CPU的可复现地理数据到射线追踪的流程：将576个激光雷达（LiDAR）高度的建筑物、70×70的地形网格及政府塔台注册数据构建为Sionna RT场景。在相同几何结构下，1.8 GHz的最佳服务器路径增益中位数为-106 dB，10 GHz时降至-122 dB；仅混凝土结构的28/60 GHz场景分别为-130/-136 dB，覆盖范围收缩至视距波瓣。这些未校准、1×1垂直极化的模拟被视为面向6G的背景信道站点模型，而非实际运行的ISAC部署。本文将数据主权与物理层零信任安全作为首要设计约束，以面积166平方公里、人口约28万的巴巴多斯为参考部署案例，菲律宾作为群岛国家的推广对象。
英文摘要
Small-island developing states face accelerating sea-level rise, intensifying cyclones, and storm surge, while suffering the sparse ground instrumentation that makes timely hazard perception difficult. This paper argues for a shift from passive cellular connectivity to the Network as a Sensor, realized through a Sovereign Cognitive Digital Twin (S-CDT): a federated national digital twin whose perceptual substrate is the 6G radio interface itself. Instead of disjoint sensing systems, a nation can reuse the Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) waveforms of its own network as a distributed radar mesh. We specify a six-layer S-CDT stack in which ISAC collapses the boundary between the dynamic-data and communication layers; we map the physical layer to the ETSI GR ISC 001 and 3GPP Release 19 sensing frameworks; and we formulate a belief-state control loop, an Extended Kalman Filter feeding a Proximal Policy Optimization agent, designed to absorb O-RAN telemetry delay. That loop is specified but not evaluated here. Beyond the reference architecture, we implement a reproducible, CPU-only geodata-to-ray-tracing pipeline over a 2 km study area at the Barbados Heritage District, Newton Plantation: 576 LiDAR-height buildings, a 70x70 terrain grid, and the government tower register become a Sionna RT scene. On identical geometry, median best-server path gain falls from -106 dB at 1.8 GHz to -122 dB at 10 GHz; concrete-only 28/60 GHz runs yield -130/-136 dB, with coverage contracting to line-of-sight lobes. These uncalibrated, 1x1 V-polarized simulations are framed as a towards-6G site model of the background channel, not an operational ISAC deployment. We treat data sovereignty and physical-layer zero-trust security as first-order design constraints. Barbados (166 km2, ~280k population) is the reference deployment, with the Philippines as an archipelagic generalization.
