测量反馈量子信息引擎的实验演示
Experimental Demonstration of a Measurement-Feedback Quantum Information Engine
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究在俘获40Ca+离子系统中实验演示了测量反馈量子信息引擎，利用量子内摩擦打破效率-功率权衡，使引擎效率超越奥托极限，为信息转功量子引擎开辟了新途径。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
利用量子内摩擦在有限时间内的量子引擎冲程中提取功，仍是一个未解决的实验挑战。本研究在俘获40Ca+离子系统中实验构建并演示了一种创新的测量反馈量子信息引擎模型，其中投影测量替代热库作为非热源，反馈控制通过幺正压缩-膨胀冲程或热化有条件地引导系统。实验表明，该引擎从任意初态出发，收敛至具有完全分辨能量平衡的稳定运行状态；通过控制测量角和冲程时长，测量诱导的相干性与量子内摩擦可作为可调资源，使引擎效率超越奥托极限。实验结果进一步证实，量子内摩擦可用于打破传统效率-功率权衡关系，同步实现高效率与大功率。本实验为信息转功量子引擎开辟了一条途径，该引擎可将有限时间不可逆性转化为提升性能的资源。
英文摘要
Harnessing finite-time nonadiabatic transitions that are conventionally associated with quantum inner friction for useful work extraction remains an open experimental challenge. Here we address this issue by introducing and experimentally realizing an innovative measurement-feedback quantum information engine model in the trapped 40Ca+ ion system, in which the projective measurement replaces the hot reservoir as a nonthermal energy source and the feedback control conditionally steers the system through either unitary compression-expansion strokes or thermalization. We experimentally show that the repeated feedback cycle converges to a stable operating regime with a resolved energetic balance, and, by controlling the measurement angle and stroke duration, measurement-induced coherence and the finite-time nonadiabatic contribution can enhance work extraction and raise the efficiency above the corresponding Otto benchmark. The experimental results further show that, over finite ranges of stroke durations, the efficiency and intrinsic cycle power can increase simultaneously. Our experiment establishes a route toward information-to-work quantum engines that convert finite-time irreversibility into performance-enhancing resources.
