AI 中文总结
在罗默发现光速有限350年后，研究人员用类似17世纪晚期分辨率的望远镜证实了罗默方法的有效性，测得光速为(298200±1900)km/s，该研究兼具科学验证与教学价值。
AI 中文摘要
在1676年罗默宣布光以有限速度传播的发现350年后，我们利用望远镜进行了观测，所用望远镜的分辨率与17世纪晚期的望远镜相近。我们证实了罗默方法是有效的，即使采用最简单的均匀圆周运动建模技术，也能给出合理的光速c值，我们的测量结果与现代值的偏差约在10%以内。我们发现，增加模型的复杂度，例如考虑木星的椭圆轨道，由于其他摄动的影响，并不一定能让结果更接近光速c的值。使用现代星历表得到了明显精确的光速结果：c=(298200±1900)km/s。这一经验具有很高的教学价值，它展示了假设构建与后续预测、观测、数据处理以及为同一现象寻找替代解释之间的相互关联。最后，我们还在罗默与惠更斯的通信中发现，罗默在1677年为独立证实他此前数年观测木卫一掩食时的发现，开展了观测并处理了木星大红斑中天凌日的数据。
英文摘要
350 years from the 1676 announcement of the Roemer's discovery that light propagates with finite speed, we present our observations using eyes with telescopes having similar resolution compared to those in the late 17th century. We confirmed that Roemer's method is valid and gives reasonable values for the speed of light c, within about 10 per cent of the modern value for our measurements, even with the simplest modelling technique, using uniform circular motions. We found that increasing the complexity of the model, e.g., by taking into account the elliptical orbit of Jupiter, does not necessarily bring the results closer to the value of c due to the influence of other perturbations. Using modern ephemerides yields a noticeably accurate result of c=(298200+-1900) km/s. This experience can have great didactic value by showing the interconnections between formulation of hypotheses and the consequent predictions, making observations, reducing data, and searching for alternative explanations for the same phenomenon. Lastly, we also found, in the correspondence between Roemer and Huygens, that Roemer in 1677 searched for an independent confirmation of what he found during previous years observing Io's eclipses by making observations and reducing the data of the meridian transits of the Great Red Spot on Jupiter.
Comments11 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables. Author-formatted version of the article published in European Journal of Physics 47 (2026) 025802
Journal refEuropean Journal of Physics 47 (2026) 025802
