AI 中文总结
该研究针对位置不确定天体物理源对应体的搜寻，对比频率学派、贝叶斯学派及不可知论统计方法的可靠性与性能，发现前两种方法对弱信号的表现优于后者。
AI 中文摘要
多信使与多波段天体物理学的快速发展，使得越来越多的同一事件被不同点扩散函数的仪器观测到。特别是角分辨率优异的指向仪器，被用于定位定位不佳的警报源。若未明确探测到源对应体，结果的解读需统计分析。我们研究了利用警报概率密度函数的两种方法：频率学派与贝叶斯学派，以及不使用该信息的不可知论方法。我们讨论了所有方法的优势与问题，并比较了它们的可靠性与性能。我们既考虑了简单的一维玩具模拟，也考虑了伽马射线望远镜对引力波事件后续观测的全模拟现实用例。对于弱信号，频率学派与贝叶斯学派方法的性能相当，且优于不可知论方法。
英文摘要
Rapid growth of the multimessenger and multiwavelength astrophysics had led to an increasing number of observations of the same events with instruments with different point spread functions. In particular pointing instruments with good angular resolution are used to pin-point the source of poorly-localized alert. In case no clear detection of the source counterpart is reached, the interpretation of the results requires statistical analysis. We investigate two approaches using the probability density function of the alert: frequentist and Bayesian, as well as agnostic approach not using this information. We discuss the advantages and problems of all the methods, and compare their reliability and performance. We consider both a simple one-dimensional toy simulations and a realistic use case of full simulations of the follow-up of a gravitational wave event with gamma-ray telescopes. The performance of both frequentist and Bayesian approaches for weak signals is comparable and superior to the agnostic one.
Comments13 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in JHEAP
Journal refJHEAP (2026), 100721,
DOI：10.1016/j.jheap.2026.100721
