AI 中文总结
该研究针对里德伯原子阵列模拟量子处理器，提出噪声感知仿真框架，经三台Pasqal量子处理器验证，可预测设备行为、确定主导物理机制，为算法与硬件优化提供指导。
AI 中文摘要
基于里德伯原子阵列的模拟量子处理器是多体量子模拟、组合优化和图机器学习的强大平台。随着这些设备的可及性不断提升，要建立对其输出的信心，需要能定量关联微观硬件缺陷与实验结果的预测模型。本文提出一种噪声感知的仿真框架，该框架在完整计算周期内传播主要噪声机制以预测设备行为。我们通过在三台Pasqal量子处理器上对量子退火和淬火后动力学两种代表性协议进行基准测试，验证了该框架，其中经典模拟仍能提供基准真值。在所有三台设备上，测得的可观测量均落在仿真器预测的不确定度包络内。除复现数据外，该框架还能确定每种工作机制中占主导的物理机制，为算法设计和硬件改进提供定量指导，并为在经典无法企及的区域验证模拟处理器奠定基础。
英文摘要
Analog quantum processors based on Rydberg atom arrays are a powerful platform for many-body quantum simulation, combinatorial optimization, and graph machine learning. As these devices become increasingly accessible, establishing confidence in their outputs requires predictive models that quantitatively connect microscopic hardware imperfections to empirical results. Here, we present a noise-aware emulation framework that propagates the dominant noise mechanisms throughout the full computation cycle to predict device behavior. We validate the framework by benchmarking two representative protocols, quantum annealing and post-quench dynamics, on three Pasqal quantum processors where classical simulations still provide ground truth. Across all three devices, the measured observables fall within the uncertainty envelopes predicted by the emulator. Beyond reproducing the data, the framework isolates which physical mechanism dominates in each operating regime, provides quantitative guidance for algorithm design and hardware improvements, and establishes a foundation for verifying analog processors in regimes beyond classical reach.
Comments12 pages, 6 figures. Comments are welcome
